The authors explore the film I Tonya (2017) from a systemic perspective, and analyze the main family’s behaviors through the lens of Narrative Therapy. The authors referred to multiple articles that define Narrative therapy, and the use of tools such as externalization, deconstruction and exceptions. The authors of this paper examine the characters within the film, and suggest methods where therapeutic interventions could facilitate healing from public ridicule through empowerment.
Keywords: narrative therapy, family systems, externalization
Shunned by a Nation: Narrative Therapy to Heal Public Shame
Introduction
Public shaming is new to the frontier of modern technology. The trauma experienced at the hands of public scrutiny and
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Arbetter (1990) describes the family rules in alcoholic families to be; do not talk, do not trust, and do not feel. Additionally, he communicated that children do not trust their own instincts because of the inconsistency within the system (Arbetter, 1990). Physical and mental abuse were used to enforce the first rule, do not talk via the message, shut up, and fall in line. Repeated patterns of lying combined with her father’s absence demonstrated the second rule, which was do not trust. Furthermore, withholding statements of affection occurred even when requested directly, communicating the family’s “no emotion” rule. Consequently, this normalized a rule that regarded physical and mental abuse is as love. This rule followed Tonya into her toxic relationship with Jeff, due to isolation. Detrimentally, Tonya was withheld from all exterior influence that may have educated her that the abuse is not appropriate. LaVonna made it clear that friends, boyfriends, or anything enjoyable was an unnecessary distraction. All time and energy were to be directed at skating and …show more content…
Accordingly, the role of the therapist is to interpret how the client is comprehending their story and the associated meaning. Once completed, the therapist would assist the client to re-author a more helpful, rewarding, and open-ended story by emphasizing the understanding of the individual’s subjective experience (Phipps & Vorster, 2015). Tonya and her experience were constructed and anchored in her family roots that manifested through years of emotional and physical abuse from her mom, the media, and society while grieving the neglect and abandonment of her dad. The authors of this paper believe it is imperative that Tonya and her mother work independently. Individual work can create a boundary and space to heal from the history of
This paper will recount the development and history of narrative therapy and provide a brief background assessment on the founders and significant contributors to the postmodern approach of Narrative Therapy. The role of the therapist, the theory of change, the target of intervention, the assessment from this approach, and what the approach says about normalcy, health, and pathology will be presented. It will also discuss how narrative therapy might work with and be sensitive to the cultural and diversity factors and give some examples of intervention from this approach. It will then discus the case using concepts and ideas from narrative therapy and the application of the essential ideas of the narrative therapy in the case and, where appropriate,
This paper will use the book The Family Crucible to demonstrate the authors’ family systems approach to therapy. Narrative theory is compared and contrasted with family systems theory, and is ultimately integrated into my own theoretical foundation for practice as a social worker.
The Family Crucible, written by Augustus Napier and Carl Whitaker (1978), exemplifies a fragmented family system. The family consists of David a VIP lawyer, Carolyn an angry mother, Claudia an enraged teenager, Don the 11-year-old peacemaker, and six-year-old Laura. Co-therapists, Napier and Whitaker have taken on the task of working with the family using a systemic approach to conceptualize the family’s difficulties. Herein, this writer will describe how Whitaker and Napier depict the family struggles, how these struggles relate to the family unit in deference to an individual focus, and how
This paper will look at the logic of narrative therapy by focusing on 5 major points. This paper will begin by discussing how the narrative approach defines and perceives problems. It will address how narrative therapy views the nature of the relationship between the client and the professional. This paper will look at how problems are solved using the narrative approach. It will also focus on three main techniques used in narrative therapy, which will include externalization, deconstruction and re-authoring. This paper will also include a short narrative critique of the medical model.
The premise of narrative therapy was developed as a way of removing the blame in sessions. This could allow the opportunity in hopes of gaining empowerment within the client. Narrative therapy is thought of as more of a collaboration between the therapist and the client to allow recognition of his or her natural competencies, expertise and unique skills that one possesses. By practicing the narrative therapy process it is conceived that the client can then return with a sort of plan or outline that can assist in guiding them towards more productive and hopeful positive changes within their lives. Humans are generally viewed as separate entities from that of their own issues at hand. This being said, humans take their problems and have way of either blaming themselves directly or tossing it to another directly, instead of matching the issues with the symptoms. We as humans need reasons for everything in order to compartmentalize our situations. It is just how humans are naturally wired.
The client met with his counselor on 05/06/2017 for his one on one session to discuss his treatment plan goals. the client has been on track with his goals and is working on his second step. the client discuss one of the things that his currently working on and that is acceptance. the client explained that he is having a hard time acceptance certain situations and things that happen in his life, and most of the time it result in him resulting to using drugs. the client as well talked about being disappointed in himself for relapsing after two years of being sober. the client reported that he didn't use the tools that were given to him from his last his was in the program, getting a sponsor and learning coping skills. the client reported that
Danielle Evans’ short story, “Someone Ought to Tell Her There’s Nowhere to Go”, is a well-crafted narrative that is primarily based off a character named Georgie, who suffers from PTSD and faces many hardships in his personal life as he tries to build a relationship with his former girlfriend Lanae, and her daughter Esther. Evans successfully uses literary elements such as symbolism and foreshadowing in order to effectively appeal to the reader and explain how Georgie is struggling in his new lifestyle. These aspects further help to magnify Evans ethical and emotional appeal to her audience.
Discuss how the authors, Craig Silvey and Tim Winton, reveal the central character’s process and understanding of trauma and grief.
In this story, it fascinated me when it made reference about the therapist needing to be transferable to the mother or father role in the family regardless of the therapist’s sex. In this case the clients are the traditional mother and father with two male co-therapists. Whitaker was seen taking on the maternal role when addressing Carolyn’s childhood and current issues with her mother while Napier observed the conversation. This was a great part of the book which portrayed isomorphism. This idea of being able to stay neutral as well as to identify with the role of mother or father adds another layer of complexity to help guide the context of the situation.
Dan M. Kahan argues in his article “Shame Is Worth a Try” that people who understand the potential of shaming know that it is “cheap, efficient, and an appropriate alternative to short jail sentences” (571).
Public shaming has happened to many people over the years. It is one of the worst feelings in the world. The painful, antagonizing, embarrassing shame that comes out of it makes people’s lives as miserable as getting tarred and feathered. Hester Prynne committing adultery, Monica Lewinski having sexual relations with Bill Clinton, Justine Sacco tweeting out an African-AIDS stereotype. These are all examples of people who have been publicly shamed. Because public shaming promotes the negative change in perspective towards a victim, long-lasting embarrassment, and regret, it should be left in the past.
Since the first principle declared by any code of ethics is to do no additional harm to the client; it will be necessary for the therapist to advise the clients of NT practices since it tends to be separate from traditional theories. In addition, because NT deals with “difficult issues and storytelling; the therapist must respect the client’s boundaries and the confidentiality of the family and its narratives, inform the family that each family member’s territory and emotional grounding is just as important, and should identify the primary client at times of dysfunction” (Miller, 2009, p. 157, 158).
Psychologist and best-selling author Clarissa Pinkola Estes, who using stories in therapy says, “Stories act like an antibiotic that finds the source of the infection and concentrates there. The story help makes that part of the psyche clear and strong again.”4 In her book Remember the Time, Eileen Silva Kindig recalls a woman who is very depressed after the death of her husband until a young couple moved in next door whom the woman conversed with and shared stories. The woman’s daughter told Kindig the more she shared her stories and knowledge, the more vital she even
This paper is going to look into two models of intervention that Ben and I think might help him cope with things going on in his every day life. The two that we have chosen are Cognitive-behavioral therapy and Narrative therapy. We will look into both of these and also as we do that we will find out what the role of the social worker is in both cases.
The intervention approached should be gentle with caution to translate what the client’s story means to them and guide them towards change in a meaningful and productive way (Phipps & Vorster, 2015). For example, the this particular client may explain their series of events as devastating and life altering. Using a narrative theoretical approach externalizing the words the client uses. The client expresses