PSYCHOLOGY ESSAY
WHAT CAN PSYCHOLOGY TEACH US ABOUT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT?
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INTRODUCTION
Psychology evolved out of both philosophy and biology. Discussions on the two
subjects date as far back as the early Greek thinkers such as Aristotle and Socrates.
The word psychology is derived from the Greek word ‘psyche’ meaning ‘soul’ or
‘mind’. Psychology is both an applied and academic field, that is the scientific study
Of behaviour and experience. Research into psychology helps us to understand and
explain out thoughts, emotions and behaviour. It can be applied to both living
organisms animal and human-life. Psychology is massive topic, and has many theories
This essay just looks at one of these theories, which is the
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If our “ego” is not healthy life can be tough, and we may find it
hard to manage our feelings, make healthy decisions, or think through our problems.
Psychotherapy can help us strengthen our ego and explore all the parts of our mind.
As we begin to understand all the parts of our mind, our ego can develop and become
stronger and more supportive. Freud developed the term “superego”- which literally
means above the “ego”. The concept of the “superego” belongs to the
Psychoanalytical school of therapy and refers to the critical part of our mind(Nicky
Hayes 1993 p.111). This part of our mind is driven by or learned from our parents or
primary caregivers. Beliefs that we learn, thoughts and behaviour reside in this part of
the mind.
The study of human development is a rich and varied subject. We all have personal
experiences with development, but it is sometimes difficult to understand how and
Why people grow, learn, and act as they do. Developmental psychology seeks to
Understand, explain, and predict behaviours that occur throughout our lifespan. In
Order to understand human development, a number of different developmental
theories have arisen by different people throughout history which explain various
aspects of human growth, Sigmund Freud is just one of these people. Throughout
psychology’s history, a number of different thoughts have arisen which have
Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of personal factors.
The ego is the mediator between the id and the circumstances of the external world to aid their interaction. The ego represents reason in contrast to the id. Freud called the ego ich, which translates to English as “I”. The ego follows the reality principal. The ego does not exist independently of the id. The ego exists to help the id, and is constantly striving to bring about satisfaction of the id’s instincts. If the ego fails to keep a balance with the id and superego, a person may have difficulty
Crandell, T. L., Zanden, J. W. V., & Crandell, C. H. (2009). Human Development. New York City, NY: McGraw-Hill.
The ego is the part of the mind that represents consciousness. It employs reason, common sense, and the power to delay immediate responses to external stimuli (Storr). When making a decision, the ego balances out both needs of the id and the superego. In Freud’s own words, “It performs that task by gaining control over the demands of the instincts, by deciding whether they are to be allowed satisfaction, by postponing that satisfaction or suppressing their excitations entirely,” (Freud). Being a stereotypical earnest
* M1 Discuss the principal psychological perspectives applied to the understanding of the development of individuals
How does an infant develop into an adult? The answer is not as obvious as it seems. There are a variety of factors that contribute to human development. A person not only grows physically but also cognitively and socio-emotionally. This paper will explain two theories; one cognitive and one socio-emotional; about human development. The two theories will be described, compared, contrasted and individually evaluated based on the strong points and limitations.
Ego was symbolized as a “Man’s self mind or the conceptual faculty of reasoning” (Ayn Rand). The conceptual faculty of reason was what lead to a man's emotions. In seeing one’s own actions it gave motivation and goals to the individual. However, “Egoism should be distinguished from egotism, which means a psychological overvaluation of one’s own importance, or of one’s own activities”(Alexander Moseley).
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. The supporters embraces the traits of all the human experience from the functions of the brain to the emotions of nations, from the child development to care for the aged. In every possible setting form scientific research centers to all mental healthcare services.
Ego activates the motivation it takes in order to find one’s own happiness. Rand talks about advantages of “egoism” in the excerpt “The Soul of an Individualist” from her novel The Fountainhead. Rand says that a man’s confidence comes from within his spirit. His spirit “is his self”. The actions a man performs are “ego” (“The Soul of an Individualist”).
The ego also does what it can to try and satisfy the ego that is still present behind the ego’s mask Some of the time, the ego knows the correct thing to do, but does not always step in at the right time to do
The study of human development is a science. It is based on theories, data, analysis, critical thinking, and sound methodology (Berger). Five characteristics of Development that will be discussed in this paper are multidirectional, multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity. There are also five theories of development which are psychoanalytical, behaviorism, cognitive, socio-cultural, and epigenetic theory. Together these characteristics and theories can be used together to get a better understanding of the human development and how much genetics play a role in development and how much the
And though a large part of the ego is unconscious, it nevertheless includes what we think of as the conscious mind.
The Ego serves as the mediator between the Id and the Super-Ego and takes into account external factors to derive a clear view of reality. The theory has spurred much discussion in the scientific community, but the concept is firmly seated in college psychology
Freud identifies an overwhelming sense of guilt as one of the central problems threatening modern civilization since individuals have consequently begun to rebel against civilization with an aggression that exceeds the level of aggression originally suppressed, threatening the disintegration of society, and attributes it to the operation of the superego, an internal psychical agency that monitors the intentions and actions of the ego, keeping the aggressive instincts of the latter in check. Essentially, the aggression that was initially directed outside of the self is redirected into the self. A part of the ego separates from the rest to form the superego. Conflict between the ego and superego creates guilt, a need for punishment. Another term for the superego is conscience. Freud traces the formation of
Human development transpires through “processes of progressively more complex reciprocal interactions” (Brofenbrenner, 1995, p. 620). For these interactions to be entirely effective, they must occur regularly over a period of time (Eamon, 2001). It is also evident that one’s biological and environmental experiences can shape their way of developing in the long run. In order to understand human development, it is essential to analyze various aspects. Through reading this text, you will better understand how developmental psychologist, Bronfenbrenner, and German psychologist, Baltes both conceptualized their views on the various effects on human development.