What Is Paid Precession?

| C. Occasional day by day, east to west motion of the planets relative to the stars

Introduction: The acceleration toward the center that keeps objects in uniform circular motion (circular motion at a constant speed) is called centripetal acceleration. An understanding of centripetal acceleration was one of the key elements that led to Newton’s formulation of the law of universal gravitation.

Document 2 2a) The sun stood in the center of the universe and different planets revolved around the

Promissory representation requires good deliberation to ascertain whether or not representatives have fulfilled their promises or have persuasive reasons for not doing so. Anticipatory representation requires good deliberation between citizens and representatives in the period of communication between elections. Gyroscopic representation requires good deliberation among citizens and between citizens and their representatives at the time the representative is selected. Surrogate representation requires representation of the most important conflicting interests in proportion to their numbers in the population, and also good deliberative representation of important perspectives.

In 1543 Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish Canon, published “On the Revolution of the Celestial Orbs”. The popular view is that Copernicus discovered that the earth revolves

REBEKAH-- The Earth is in an oval around the sun which is called an orbit. The time it takes for the Earth to completely move around the sun, is an Earth year. The Earth also has an axis. What is an axis? An axis is an imaginary line that runs diagonally through the middle of the Earth. The axis is also the thing that helps us know where the equator is.

Before we can clearly see if the Ptolemaic planetary model was successful at explaining retrograde motion, we must clearly define what epicycle and retrograde motion are. The Ptolemaic planetary model is based upon the geocentric, or the Earth-centered cosmology. The Ptolemaic model explains that every planet does still orbit the Earth but, does not follow it along a direct orbital pattern. The planets orbit has two full circles. The larger one, known as the deferent, and a smaller one, known as the epicycle.

Copernicus states, “And we should be even more surprised if such a vast world should wheel completely around during the space of twenty-four hours rather than its least part, the Earth, should” (11). When one considers the speed at which, given its size, the heavens would have to spin to make a full circle in a day, one finds it hard to disagree with Copernicus's critique of geocentrism.

Conic sections and conics are use in orbital mechanics to determine the type of orbit and defining the eccentricity of the conic section and the hyperbola or parabola formed within the right cone depending on the angularity of the section.

the moon 's orbit around the Earth, and the planets ' motions around the Sun. The

Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician who lived between 1671-1630. Kepler was a Copernican and initially believed that planets should follow perfectly circular orbits (“Johan Kepler” 1). During this time period, Ptolemy’s geocentric theory of the solar system was accepted. Ptolemy’s theory stated that Earth is at the center of the universe and stationary; closest to Earth is the Moon, and beyond it, expanding towards the outside, are Mercury, Venus, and the Sun in a straight line, followed by Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and the “fixed stars”. The Ptolemaic system explained the numerous observed motions of the planets as having small spherical orbits called epicycles (“Astronomy” 2). Kepler is best known for introducing three

An aurora a mysterious phenomenon that humans have wondered about since the beginning of time. These radiant dancing lights are seen above the magnetic poles of the northern and southern hemispheres. The lights in the northern hemisphere are called Aurora Borealis and the lights in the southern hemisphere are called Aurora Australis. Some common aesthetics of these polar lights include auroral twilight, arches running nearly from east to west, streamers, crown around that point of the sky to which a perfectly free magnetized needle points, waves and auroral clouds. These various characteristics are more commonly observed combined and rarely occur only one at a time. Auroras can be classified into four groups: a first-class aurora displays corona, arch, brilliant crimson streamers and

The non-gravitational forces affecting on the natural satellites orbits were studied recently using observations. This effect creates a quadratic term in orbital longitude and a secular changing of the semi-major axis. Causes may be only hypothetical. It is assumed that the causes of the effects are in the tides in the body of the planet and in the body of satellite (Emelyanov 2015; private communication).

gravitational pull and all of the asteroids in it revolve around the Sun. Although the majority of

Besides the Earth rotating around its tilted axis, it is also revolving around the Sun. Here, again, we see what seems like a mistake in nature. The orbit of the Earth around the Sun is not a regular circle. It is an ellipse. The orbit is elongated like a stretched-out elastic band. This means that at some times of the year, the Earth is closer to the Sun than at other times. Physicists can explain why this happens; all we need to know is that it happens.