The idea of the game in international development law was coined out of Salomon (2012) ‘s essay. She discusses a situation where there is inequality between the losing states and the winning states. This essay takes it further by applying it to a specific section of society amongst the winning and losing states. In order to create a framework, the thesis of this essay will be understood it is essential to explain the previous and also current relationship between African Elites and Western powers. The African Elites have always been the puppets in which the West uses in controlling the peoples of Africa. This is self-evident during the colonial period. As history has showed, African countries have fallen into one label or the other for …show more content…
This essay doesn’t seek to provide solutions neither does it seek to find a problem where a solution is needed. It just seeks to enlighten on the role of the African elites in the game they are playing and also elaborate on the game from the vantage point of the western world
In Hemel’s article on Badiou and Ranciere’s work he summarises their articles saying they discuss how there is now a “form of political agency that emphasizes affirmation instead of postmordern critique.” Nevertheless, here it is not a question of human rights it is more of elites manipulating international development and political opportunism.
Extraversion
This paragraph shall discuss the concept of Extraversion, as defined in the introduction extraversion feeds of this game of international law mainly between the African Elites and the Western powers. Clapham (1996) a prominent academic in African Politics states that most African states have quasi-statehood, which means they do not have strong internal structures, thus depend on international recognition. Extraversion is quite a crucial theory in understanding this game because it explains for the search of external support by African leaders. Bayart explains extraversion to mean ways in which these African elites have actively participated in a process of creating international relationships that are beneficial to them and keeps the African continent in a dependent position within the global
Although African countries are facing many severe problems including weak national identities and limited governmental capabilities, war might not be the only way to strengthen the state and develop national identities. When we consider the intense globalization undertaken by the world, collaboration by African unification provides another choice
European’s have had a dismissive attitude towards African’s accomplishments and activities. They 1) generally refused to allow the study of any knowledge that they do not control (Asante). 2) A number of white scholars tend to be limited in their interest to subjects that are valuable to the European project of self-glorification and triumphalism (Asante). Finally, to view Africa as a subject in history or as the starting place for an examination of anything is anathema to those who have always ignored the role of Africa (Asante). The Afrocentric school of thought has fought to combat these boundaries by giving the permission to investigate all aspects of Africa’s presence and involvement in the world.
For centuries Africa has been sought after and colonized by European powers for political, social and economic gain. Europeans needed Africa’s rich resources to fund their industrial revolution. European countries were strategically trying to one up another for the best resources so that their country would come out on top, while completely disregarding African people. Many European countries came to the conclusion that it was well within their rights to colonize Africa in order to protect their commercial interests. They simply decided to lay claim to territories in Africa, treating the continent as if it was theirs to take. In this essay I will argue that to the Europeans, Africa was just a commodity to be fought over and colonized and I
In Maathai's 35 years of experience, at all levels of society, she understands the context of those headlines in the media. In her book, The Challenge For Africa, she writes about her plan to tackle the many trials Africa faces. She knows the troubles are “severe and wide-ranging,” but sees realistic options for change. She became motivated with the situations at hand to create a source of organization to help her solve the problems.
In the late nineteenth century the European powers of the world began imperializing Africa. This annexation, occupation, and division of African territory has since led to much strife within the continent and has caused many struggles politically. This period known as the “Scramble for Africa” has led to the many problems that Africa faces today and has been the root of several wars in Africa to assume control. After World War II many European imperialists began to give African nations autonomy. This seemed like a step forward for African nations, but without any plan to transition into self governance many African nations have faced bloody civil wars and corruption. Along with political struggles, numerous African nations face rising debt and other economic problems. Many of these political and economic issues stem from the “Scramble for Africa”. Once the European countries left Africa had very little to support itself. To explain the issues left by imperialism the three African nations of Rwanda, South Africa, and Sierra Leone will be put under the scope.
In the late 19th century the “scramble” or “grab” for Africa was at its pinnacle of the imperialism standpoint. Several European powers were at the starting gate readying for the luxurious riches at the end of the tunnel. These powers’ only mindset was to receive some sort of monetary gain for the advancement of their countries to the continent of Africa. After reading the book The Scramble for Africa by M.E. Chamberlain she makes an inadvertent point of view to the reader about the real savages during this evil imperialistic time period.
First, Africa was finally given a place in the international community because of New Imperialism. For hundreds of years, an entire fifth of the inhabited Earth was excluded from the world’s most important decisions. But because of New Imperialism, they were able to
Modern African states have various problems ranging from corruption, to armed conflict, to stunted structural development. Africa’s ongoing political instability and economic crisis have hindered the improvement of Africa. Thus, the lack of money, advancement in technology, and climate has hampered economic development. Despite European mistreatment and oppression African’s have endured hardships that have encouraged economy, education, and political
In a Western perspective, Africa is perceived as a poor, insecure, and violent continent. Although this statement is ignorant and disregards the multidimensional issues that are in each of the 54 countries, security and violence is a general issue in most African countries. African countries have not endured an easy history, and their history continues to create present conflicts. Their violent colonial past has left certain countries with ethnic rivalries and left their legacies with agents of security. Although the colonial past of African countries have been the leading cause of many of their current problems, they cannot be blamed for everything. Additionally, there is a positive correlated relationship between the state and the violence
First, to understand the dynamic between Africa and the exploitation of the Western world and examination of the scrabble for Africa must accrue. Before the 1880’s European empires controlled only ten percent of the continent, but with no more land to concur on the already inhabited continents and the spread of imperialism throughout Europe the only place left was Africa. A complete and utter invasion of Africa took place, in many ways resembling the colonization of the Americas. The spread of Christian values, western government and living took a strong hold over the country, along with sickness, war, and fear. Groups such as the British, Belgian, and Dutch has already staked their claim to specific parts of Africa during the first half of the 19th century, but during the latter
In the latter half of 1885 several European empires gathered together for a conference in Berlin. At this meeting of utmost importance, the various European powers laid claim to their African colonial territories, thus dividing the continent like a birthday cake among themselves. The new boundaries now united thousands of cultures, nations and ethnicities under the banner of white ethno-centricity. Thus began the final colonial dominion of Europe which would last well into the 20th century. Although the white minority has relinquished it?s stranglehold on Africa, the ramifications of hundreds of years of political dominion can be found throughout the continent. In 1962 during the heat of these
Upon our planet Earth as of the 21st century, one hundred ninety-five countries have formed throughout history. Within each country, a menagerie of people of all ethnicities, genders, and sexualities have emerged. Out of all these countries though, only two of which are worth speaking of: The United States of America and Malawi. Separated by nine thousand miles of ocean and land, these two countries have form a mutual beneficial bond that guarantees each a spot in the golden-age of the world. Though culturally, at at a time politically, different, America continues its relationship with The Warm Heart of Africa through thick and thin.
notion, Africans were not only perceived as culturally alien people who inhabited a different geographical space but were also denizens a different time. Africa was the land of childhood removed from the light of self conscious history” This mechanism of thought contributed to the foreclosing of any relationship of kinship between Africans and European natives. This notion even helps bolster the stance of corrupt western governments who don’t fulfill the needs of their people. They use Africa as a scapegoat to cover up their failures and shortcomings and the Victim is the distraught African people.
Africa: a continent that has gone through many hardships, but still is home to some of the strongest people, strongest morals, and strongest beliefs. Africa has been tested with so many trials, is strewn with poverty, and has been put through countless tribulations, but somehow manages to overcome all of it. The authors of these stories analyze these trials and how they overcame them. These stories showcase how Africa upholds well-armored values throughout their trials by examining their actions when fought with separation, exploring their strong religious beliefs, and analyzing how they value a better future. Africa was a separated, un-unified place, but valued, wanted, and acted to abolish this disunion.
The British colonization of Kenya destroyed the culture and economy of the native people, but it established a democratic government and left Kenya a more modernized country.[1] During the 1880’s through 1914, the start of WWI, was an age of imperialism. One place that felt victim to this imperialism was Africa. At this time Africa was a wholly unmodernized continent. The reason the Europeans went after Africa was the introduction of the idea of social Darwinism and the “white man’s burden”. Social Darwinism is the belief that only the strongest and the most cunning can make it to the top of the social ladder, and it was the White Man’s Burden to step in for these undeveloped countries