‘Woman – Post WW2’ Research Essay
By Isabella Martin
“Account for the Continuity and/or Change in Woman’s status in Aust. Over Time.”
The evolution of the rights of woman in Australia owes much to successive waves of feminism, or the woman’s movement. The first of these took place in the late 19th century and was concerned largely with gaining the right to vote and to stand for election into parliament. The second wave of feminism took place in the 1960s and 1970s and focused on gaining equality with men in other areas, such as work, the law and general social standing. These protests for the changing rights and freedoms of woman targeted many different aspects of life and presented a broader challenge to traditional ideas of
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The movement became known as the ‘Woman’s Liberation Movement’. Australia’s early feminists had fought for Woman’s Suffrage, but the second wave feminists of the late 60s and 70s had wider goals and interests.
They wanted to overturn the idea that woman were inferior to men and make society see woman as people who could control their own lives. WLM saw themselves as part of a revolutionary movement focused on achieving equality in the workplace and education, and a group seeking justice for woman in issues such as whether or not to have children, divorce and parental leave.
Today, there are still many different views on the impact of the ‘Woman’s Liberation Movement’ in Australia, but because of it there is more recognition about violence against woman (although violence has not necessarily decreased), woman now have more choice over reproduction than they did until the 1960s, and their also able to reach high positions in politics, professions, and businesses. However, it is still far more difficult for a woman to attain these positions than for a man and laws in which attempt to create equal pay and opportunities for woman do not automatically ensure these things.
Although the idea of the stereotypical ‘Housewife’ during the 50s isn’t referred to much anymore, modern day woman are still receiving that similar treatment, now being sexualised
Whereas the women’s suffrage movements focused mainly on overturning legal obstacles to equality, the feminist movements successfully addressed a broad range of other feminist issues. The first dealt primarily with voting rights and the latter dealt with inequalities such as equal pay and reproductive rights. Both movements made vast gains to the social and legal status of women. One reached its goals while the other continues to fight for women’s rights.
As a result of WW1, Australia’s society became an unbiased environment for Women, because they were given the opportunity to do jobs that had been left empty by men who had gone to fight the Germans. Life for
During the World War II era, the outlook on the role of women in Australian society revolutionised. As a majority of men were at war, Australian women were encouraged to rise above and beyond their stereotypical ‘housewife’ status. They were required to take on the tasks that were once considered predominantly male roles, and also allowed the opportunity to join the armed services as well as enlist in the Women’s Land Army. Many women who doubted their abilities played their part by entering voluntary work. Women had the privilege of contributing in Australian society in many ways that they had never been able before. Thus, it is manifest that the role of women in Australian society had drastically changed.
The Women's Rights Movement was a significant crusade for women that began in the late nineteenth century and flourished throughout Europe and the United States for the rest of the twentieth century. Advocates for women's rights initiated this movement as they yearned for equality and equal participation and representation in society. Throughout all of history, the jobs of women ranged from housewives to factory workers, yet oppression by society, particularly men, accompanied them in their everyday lives. Not until the end of the nineteenth century did women begin to voice their frustrations about the inequalities among men and women, and these new proclamations would be the basis for a society with opportunities starting to open for
Modern Australian law began its existence as British law, applying to 18th- and 19th-century women in their traditional roles. The social and political values of 19th-century Britain and Australia generally did not provide an opportunity for women to achieve public life, to have a career, to own property, to make economic decisions for themselves or to exert any substantial control over decision-making in their lives. Many women did not actively seek to change this situation, because they believed, or at least accepted, the social values of their time.
Australian families have experienced many significant changes over the past 6 decades. These changes consequently resulted in equality of opportunities, and conditions for women in the labour force. Along with the willingness of most men to become voluntarily involved in core household work, as well as taking on a greater role with respect to childcare. This essay will discuss two significant changes in gender roles, and will examine some of the positive and negative impacts it had on Australian society over the past six decades. On the one hand, Australian federal and state governments passed several new laws and legislations which resulted in an increased participation by women in the labour force. These legislative changes provide many
Before World War 2 commenced, women 's roles in Australia were extremely different to now. The Australian government believed that women were not needed to perform in any sort of military service, however, once the war began it was thought otherwise (Ergo.slv.vic.gov.au, 2015). The roles of women changed significantly during this time, specifically around the 1940 's. The social, political, and economic rights for Australian women were all major changes made during this period of time (Awm.gov.au, 2015). This essay focuses on the role of women before and after these changes occurred, also the affect this made to society.
In the first 100 years of colonial Australia women of all status and race were a marginalised segment of society; considered inferior to and for the use and support of men (Summers, 1975), (Dixon,1999). It is not surprising therefore that historical accounts of women’s activities between 1788 and the late 1800’s, whether white, black, convict, or free, are much less documented than those of men. The accounts that have been recorded, however, point to women from substantially different ages, cultural backgrounds, education, health, social stations, and personal histories holding various amounts of power (or lack of) and acting within varied and fluid physical and social environments (Macintyre, 2009), (SBS, 2012). In this short essay we will present a very superficial account of these women’s experiences.
Australia in the early 1900s has developed a reputation as a ‘working man’s paradise’ for its greater opportunity to success and an egalitarian society. However not all workers proved this to be true. In order to determine this statement, Issues to be discussed include firstly the hours of work for different genders, secondly the working conditions and finally the dispute for the right to fair treatment to women and Aboriginal natives throughout the 19th century.
The fight for women’s suffrage in Australia was a vital step in women achieving equal citizenship rights following federation. Until the mid-19th century, women were regarded as inferior to men, and were expected to adhere to discriminatory laws made by male politicians. Women identifying themselves as suffragettes strove to deliver their message to the wider community by means of propaganda. After women achieved the right to vote in both federal and state elections in 1908, other changes in Australian society followed.
Women served an important role in WWII. They not only took the challenge and stepped up to take the places of the men off fighting in the war to work in factories, but they also fought side by side with those risking their lives and fighting for their country. They were needed everywhere during the war. There were an unbelievable amount of job opportunities for women during the war and many supported the brave acts of voluntary enlistment. “‘A woman’s place is in the home’ was an old adage, but it still held true at the start of World War II. Even though millions of women worked, home and family we considered the focus of their lives” says Brenda Ralf Lewis. Without the help of those women who were brave enough to
During WW2 the presence of men at home was to a bare minimum. The impact this had on women was felt throughout the nation. How women would be looked at would be changed forever. They had to uphold various positions that were usually held by men and reevaluate their roles as homemakers. Their lives at home had changed; they were no longer the primary care giver. They also joined different parts of the military. Due to men being away at war during WW2 women were forced to participate in the workforce, which would change their view of their position in society.
The historical experiences of Australian women have had a profound impact on the generation and maintenance of both social exclusion and inclusion. This is particularly true of the women’s liberation movement, which followed the essence of Marx’s conflict theory and was recognised as the collective struggle for equality. Occurring during the late 1960s and 1970s, the movement sought to free women from oppression and male supremacy. Hence, with a clear focus on the issues surrounding women’s education, health and employment, the women’s liberation movement was able to redefine society’s understanding of women, therefore having a tremendous impact on the generation of social inclusion. Nevertheless, traditional androcentric norms and mores continue to permeate all major
The 1980’s was a time for womens liberation, to a large extent there was a change in the areas of, health, work, law, education and welfare, redressing the issues of equality in Australia. Planned parenthood was put into place, allowing
During the 1960s there was a lot of political, social as well as cultural upheaval in the country. This had a great influence on the young women of Australia (Carment, 2004). The young generation for the first time challenged the years old values and morals of their previous generations and whole heartedly supported the decisions taken by the government.