Women in the Mixed Economy of Welfare Essay

As a result of WW1, Australia’s society became an unbiased environment for Women, because they were given the opportunity to do jobs that had been left empty by men who had gone to fight the Germans. Life for

During the World War II era, the outlook on the role of women in Australian society revolutionised. As a majority of men were at war, Australian women were encouraged to rise above and beyond their stereotypical ‘housewife’ status. They were required to take on the tasks that were once considered predominantly male roles, and also allowed the opportunity to join the armed services as well as enlist in the Women’s Land Army. Many women who doubted their abilities played their part by entering voluntary work. Women had the privilege of contributing in Australian society in many ways that they had never been able before. Thus, it is manifest that the role of women in Australian society had drastically changed.

Australian society had changed a lot because of the women’s movement. Throughout the ‘70s and ‘80s and the start of the ‘90s a lot of women were put into male jobs. These jobs were in the areas of education, law, health work, and welfare. This greatly affected the imbalance between both men and women in power and opportunity. Women gradually started to gain access to areas of power that previously been off limits. Some women attempted to use their new found power for the benefit of women in

Before 1840 women were viewed as something that needed to be taken care of. They could not own property, fathers would not mention their daughters in their wills, women could not be treasurer of their own companies, it was the husband’s responsibility. Only seven vocations were available to them outside of the home in the late 1840’s; widows would receive no share of her husband’s property or his families, and if one did not marry or remarry she had to enter one of the few employments for her or be a charity case for her relatives. When factory jobs became available to women they were quickly taken because it gave women a way to be independent and not a burden to their loved ones, but earn and spend their own money however the wished. For once

Australian families have experienced many significant changes over the past 6 decades. These changes consequently resulted in equality of opportunities, and conditions for women in the labour force. Along with the willingness of most men to become voluntarily involved in core household work, as well as taking on a greater role with respect to childcare. This essay will discuss two significant changes in gender roles, and will examine some of the positive and negative impacts it had on Australian society over the past six decades. On the one hand, Australian federal and state governments passed several new laws and legislations which resulted in an increased participation by women in the labour force. These legislative changes provide many

Before World War 2 commenced, women 's roles in Australia were extremely different to now. The Australian government believed that women were not needed to perform in any sort of military service, however, once the war began it was thought otherwise (Ergo.slv.vic.gov.au, 2015). The roles of women changed significantly during this time, specifically around the 1940 's. The social, political, and economic rights for Australian women were all major changes made during this period of time (Awm.gov.au, 2015). This essay focuses on the role of women before and after these changes occurred, also the affect this made to society.

The book I chose to write my paper on is Flat Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform by Sharon Hays. In the book, the author looks at the welfare reform act enacted in 1996, known as the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. . She examines both the positive and negative effects that the Act has had on the poor as well as the effects it has had on society overall.

In the first 100 years of colonial Australia women of all status and race were a marginalised segment of society; considered inferior to and for the use and support of men (Summers, 1975), (Dixon,1999). It is not surprising therefore that historical accounts of women’s activities between 1788 and the late 1800’s, whether white, black, convict, or free, are much less documented than those of men. The accounts that have been recorded, however, point to women from substantially different ages, cultural backgrounds, education, health, social stations, and personal histories holding various amounts of power (or lack of) and acting within varied and fluid physical and social environments (Macintyre, 2009), (SBS, 2012). In this short essay we will present a very superficial account of these women’s experiences.

Australia in the early 1900s has developed a reputation as a ‘working man’s paradise’ for its greater opportunity to success and an egalitarian society. However not all workers proved this to be true. In order to determine this statement, Issues to be discussed include firstly the hours of work for different genders, secondly the working conditions and finally the dispute for the right to fair treatment to women and Aboriginal natives throughout the 19th century.

Due to both husband and wives working and people were able to purchase more goods for their home the economy began to rise after World War. The post-war reconstruction effort made the need for an expanded labour force urgent. In the late 1940s, the government launched campaigns to encourage women to enter or stay in the labour market, and encouraged the migration of workers from (former) British colonies to fill the labour shortages.The welfare state created many job opportunities in what was seen as ‘women’s work’. Jobs were available in the the newly created National Health Service for nurses, midwives, cleaners and clerical staff. Banking, textile and light industries such as electronics also expanded during this period and provided women with opportunities in clerical, secretarial and assembly work. Jobs were still strictly segregated by gender and routine repetitive work was categorised as women’s work for women’s lower wages (Striking,

Obtaining the privilege of contributing to Australian society in ways they would have never been able to, manifesting new responsibilities for women. Before 1939, gender was divided into stereotyped values; as men dominated and were considered more superior than women. Women were limited to their abilities - dependant of men, worked until married and were considered weak and low skilled; whilst men were unlimited to their abilities - breadwinners, could work until 60, considered more skilled and had work of any types. Predominately in the 1940s, women were offered the experiences that were not usually given. As they worked outside their customs when the men were at war and the need for work rose.

The textbook, Feminist Issues: Race, Class, and sexuality, addresses the observable changes in the Since the mid-20 century, there have been Women have entered the labour market and family care relations of Canadian families work with raising and caring for force in ever-increasing numbers and are combining paid racial children, either with a partner or alone. I focus n the chapter, I take these changes in Canadian families as our through mothers' how families- in whatever shape or form they are maintained I use the term engagement in and managing of market and family care relations Whereas paid work relations" to refer to the structure of the labour market, and "family care relations" encompasses the caregiving relationships outline have with

With the rise of the modern age economic survival has become difficult for families based on a single income. This economic need along with modern attitudes toward gender equality has resulted in women being represented in the workforce in greater numbers. However, until the 1960’s women faced severe discrimination when trying to enter and maintain a position in the workforce. Often qualified women would be passed over for men with less experience and education. Employers were fearful that women were too emotional and were not equipped to handle the stress of the work environment. Also driving the decision to not hire or promote women was the concern over the additional health care expenses and leave time pregnant

The Women’s Liberation Movement greatly impacted Australia and the United States throughout the 60’s and 70’s carrying on to the 90’s. Without the Women’s Liberation Movement women wouldn’t have received changes in laws primarily regarding employment impacting on them moving forward in terms of equal opportunities. However there is still a there is still process to be made concerning employment and social roles for women to have equal rights as men. The Women’s Liberation Movement started in the 60’s during the second wave of feminism. Even though the 70’s were a time of change, both Australia and the United States saw women remaining in low status roles and staying primarily in the domestic sphere. The 90’s however saw a dramatic change in the amount of women employed and working more so in the domestic sphere.

Initially, the first women entering the workplace did so out of desire. In a post feminist, post-civil right era and spurred on by higher levels of education. Women saw jobs and careers as rights that had previously been denied to them. Women were tired of just being "Big Johns Wife" or "Little Johnny's mommy". They wanted to be known the way men have always identified themselves by their jobs, their careers, and the level of success to which they had risen. Status, not salary, was the prime mover of the first wave of women to assault the previously all male worlds of medicine, and the corporate citadel