Women 's Role As Physicians

Prior to and throughout the late middle ages, women have been portrayed in literature as vile and corrupt. During this time, Christine de Pizan became a well educated woman and counteracted the previous notions of men’s slander against women. With her literary works, Pizan illustrated to her readers and women that though education they can aspire to be something greater than what is written in history. Through the use of real historical examples, Christine de Pizan’s, The Book of the City of Ladies, acts as a defense against the commonly perceived notions of women as immoral.

Not only are women deliberately kept out of joining medical schools and medical practices in general, their bodies are also not typically studied in medical science and research, because instead, male bodies are more often used. This makes the male body seem dominantly normative and generalizes an idea that women’s bodies must be similar to men’s, and dangerously disregards women’s particular differences. This causes medical professionals to make decisions based on this research that may not be particularly appropriate for women, such as the fact that aspirin reduces the rate of heart attacks for men but not for women, much to many doctors’ surprise. Gender stereotypes also exist within the medical field that may prevent women from receiving the care and attention they need, as many doctors often assume women are emotional, and thus, exaggerating their symptoms, versus men who are believed to be more rational. This also affects the amount of care they receive, which sometimes is too much or too little because some procedures like cesarean sections and hysterectomies are performed too often when other options would be just as adequate, but unfortunately, women’s reproductive systems are more emphasized than other just as important aspects of their health. In other instances, they do not receive as much diagnosis or are not taken as seriously as men are, by their doctors. According to our earlier readings, men are more often to interrupt women, so men physicians can often

Second women in medicine until the 19th century women were excluded from almost all professional medicine. Yet they provided almost all medical care. Ordinary people could not afford qualified doctors, treatment and care were provided by the woman of the house, or by a local woman skilled in the art of healing. In prehistoric, hunter-gatherer societies, women could not hunt if they were bearing or caring for children, so they collected plants and grubs. It is probable that the women had greater knowledge of the healing powers of herbs, although evidence is slight. Mothers passed down their knowledge to their daughters. In Western Europe, especially skilled healers were highly respected as ‘cunning’ wise women. Sometimes their herbal knowledge was confused with witchcraft. As most people were illiterate, there are very few records of women 's huge contribution to medicine. The surviving records were written by men, and concentrate on the all-male medical profession. In the 19th century there was a dramatic change in the status of women. Until this time, men controlled all ‘civilized’ societies. In Christian countries men used arguments from the Bible to justify women 's inferior status. Women were expected to be housewives and mothers, and were deliberately excluded from almost all other types of work. For example, by the 17th century, even professional midwives were male. In 19th-century Europe, women began to enter the male-dominated world. In

In this essay I will be looking at the different aspects of medicine in the Middle Ages and accessing how the church helped or hindered their development. As there was a lot of unrest at the start of the middle Ages the church is important because it preserved a lot of things. It also provided a way of life, so it was very influential.

In the time period between 1500 and 1800 there were changes in medical theory and philosophy, and while the ideas firmly established at the beginning and end of this period seem quite different on the surface, there are similarities. This is due to new theories incorporating pillars from previously accepted ideas and practices. Major points to take note of in this period are: the extent of improvement in quantity and the quality of medical care, the shifting relationship between theology and medical practice, and how the credibility of ancient medical theory changed.

In the state of Florida there is a shortage of primary care physicians, and it’s expected that within 10 years half of the current primary care physicians who are practicing in this state will be reaching retirement age, possibly worsening the current shortage (Florida Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2017). The United States Census Bureau (2016) showed that there was an estimate of 20,612, 439 people living within the Florida in 2016, and there were only 15,226 active primary care physicians workforce in 2016, meaning that there is less than one primary care physician per 1350 people (Florida Department of Health, 2016). Therefore, the current shortage of primary care providers, is only expected to get worst in the next ten years, the

“The belief about the causes of illness were based on the ancient teaching of Aristotle and Hippocrates” ( Elizabethan Medicine and Illness). “Physician, Surgeons, and Barbers were the three categories for medical professions” (Foster Par. 2) Physicians would dose themselves in vinegar and chew. Elizabethan Physicians were very wealthy. “ By the end of the major wave of the plague at the beginning of the 15th century, most of the physicians and many surgeons had died” (Foster Par. 3).

This source it provides a historical account of how patients were treated for their illnesses in the Elizabethan ages. This article explains the standards for training of physicians were based on class, their belief system of the causes of diseases and how they were treated.

Over time, there has been trends seen in particular fields of medicine with regards to gender. According to Lyndra Vassar’s article, there are fields that are made up of majority of women including OB/GYN, family medicine, psychiatry, and pediatrics. This was seen in a fairly recent study in 2013-2014 from the Association of American Medical Colleges (1). However, over a decade ago, according to a New York Times article, the OB/GYN field was not always dominated by women. The 2001 article mentions how 64 percent of doctors in the field were male, but most of the doctors in training were women (2). This field, along with most other medical ones, were mainly dominated by males, as history proves. Historically, males were seen as dominant in our society, however, with time, that view is changing and women and men are starting to be seen as equal. More women are joining the medical community and going into fields such as OB/GYN.

nurses? Back then there was about five of every medical assistants. During the Middle Ages, there was a limited amount of medicine, but the majority of time they would use herbs. People would get sick, had minor pain, or had been contaminated.

Although differences in the social hierarchy changed whom they sought to ask for cures, the medieval society had numerous medical practices to offer that was affordable, and suitable for their needs. While physicians, surgeons, and midwives treated patients of their specialty, barbers, priests, and sorcerers were also responsible for offering

In Ancient Rome, the social status of doctors was mixed. Most early Roman doctors were usually slaves brought from Greece (“Roman Doctors” 1). Doctors did not have to be professionally trained and were often mistrusted for taking too many risks and killing patients (“Antigua Medicina” ch. 10). However, doctors became highly valued in Rome’s Legions. Between the first and second century A.D. the army began marching with trained physicians and setting up military hospitals. The Roman medical officer was called the medicus but generals usually also kept personal doctors on hand. Later, army surgeons were given the rank of Master (“Military Medicine of Ancient Rome”).

The book Renaissance Medicine was written by Nicola Barber, a popular children’s nonfiction author. Barber has published many books about history, environmental issues, geography, and the arts. Renaissance Medicine is only one of Barber’s works in the series Medicine Through the Ages. The reading level is low which makes Barber’s work suitable for a middle school aged audience. Through out the book there are a variety of pictures with detailed captains which help the reader better understand the topics being discussed. At the bottom of ever page there is a word station were it discuses words that appeared on the page and an their meaning. Nicola Barber express’s a neutral point of view in her writing. She includes factual information and does

The purpose of the book Women of the Renaissance by Margaret King is to explain the various roles of that women occupied during the renaissance. She mainly focusses on women of western Europe between 1350 and 1650. In the chapter titled “Daughters of Eve: Women in the Family” King writes about the positions of women in the family. In the part of the chapter that we were assigned, she depicts the role of mother. She explains the importance having children, the differences between healthy and lower class mothers, and the relationship between these mothers and their children. During the renaissance, motherhood was an extremely important job, and many women were defined by it.

This article is titled, “Female doctors earn a LOT less than male doctors.” It is about the fact that female doctors earn less than men. It goes into detail about which types of doctors have more or less of a wage gap between them. It also talks about the area that doctors live in having an impact on their salaries. The article also talks a bit about why the gender gap is so bad for women.