Abstract
The following comprehensive and thorough literature review focuses on the youth substance use and abuse. This paper describes our western society’s history with substances, the types of substances described in the currently available literature, the various existing prevention and treatment programs, factors which have been attributed to youth substance and abuse. Primary and secondary sources were utilized, providing a broad picture of the ever-growing challenge of youth substance use/abuse. This review shall then summarise and conclude the findings of substance use and abuse in today’s youth and how this information can potentially benefit professionals working with this population/generation.
Introduction
Substance use/abuse is a dominant part in our society today and there is a significant increase number of youth becoming involved in this aspect of our culture, potentially leading to addiction and mental psychological disorders. Substance addiction is often perceived as a complex disease of the brain that could create uncontrollable, compulsive cravings, potentially causing an individual to seek out and use drugs, even when this behaviour causes extremely negative consequences. Numerous treatment programs and centres have been established to provide assistance to individuals requiring/requesting support.
Purpose of this study
The purpose of this final project is to review, summarize and analyse the abundant available literature surrounding the use and abuse
There is no doubt that there is a prevalence of substance abuse throughout several age groups. To a certain extent, a society is faced with the reality of controlling substance abuse. Or allow it run rampant throughout the community. Often times, we hear and read about the level of substance abuse among teen, young adults and mid-aged
Substance abuse isn’t a new thing. Long ago since the start of human history, people have looked for ways to alter our consciousness with the use of herbs, alcohol and drugs.
According to current statistics released by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, “In the United States in 2011, there were an estimated 25.1 million adolescents aged 12 to 17. In the past year, more than one quarter of adolescents drank alcohol, approximately one fifth used an illicit drug, and almost one eighth smoked cigarettes” ("A Day in the Life of American Adolescents," 2013, para. 1). Substance abuse is major problem amongst adolescents. Some are experimenting, but some adolescents may become dependent on a particular substance. If one becomes dependent on a substance as an adolescent it could be detrimental to their future health and success as an adult. Spear (2003) stated in an article titled Alcohol’s
Persistent substance abuse among youth is often accompanied by an array of problems, including academic difficulties, health-related consequences, poor peer relationships, mental health issues, and involvement with the juvenile justice system. There are also significant consequences for family members, the community, and society in
Drug abuse and distribution among youth is also a big problem. The use of both alcohol and cigarettes reached their highest points according to recent studies. Use of several
The existence of a myriad of social problems among teenagers that both parents and states have to deal with is a factor whose weight ought not to be treated lightly. The increasing level of drug use among the adolescents constitutes one of the ever increasing situations in the society and may, as a matter of fact, be a representation other underlying issues. The level of the situation in the contemporary world, though not discussed as much as it ought to be, has reached alarming levels. There seems to be an increasing predisposition among the use to take the drugs as it's reflected in the escalating trends of drug abuse among this generation of individuals (spooner, 1999). The ever deteriorating levels of this situation coupled with the widespread permissiveness in the society and the absence of attention from appropriate caregivers at different institutions only means that the need to address the problem is paramount. Different avenues of solutions can be applied in reducing the level of the problem and averting the massive negative consequences that come with the phenomena. Dealing with this issue is not a matter of instance as the different parameters of the problems, its causes and possible workable solutions have to be discovered. As such, research on these dynamics is a mandatory undertaking.
Adolescent substance abuse is a phenomenon in our country that has been steadily inclining ever since the 2000’s. The effects of this incline are very straight forward and call for action. The facts are that alcohol and drugs are the leading causes of crime among youth and that alcohol and drugs are the leading factors in teenage suicide. (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc., 2014) Because adolescence is such a crucial developmental age the effects of alcohol and drug use are catastrophic. To fully understand this phenomenon we must firs operationalize all of the factors we are trying to study. The DSM V classifies substance abuse as,
The article presents a study over the perceptions that youth have regarding relapse that are involved in treatment. A major prevention and treatment issue in the United States includes youth substance abuse for those under the age of 25 (Gonzales, Anglin, Beattie, Ong, & Glik, 2012). Statistics reveal 70% of youth mortality such as homicide, suicide or unintended injuries are attributed to substance use behavior (Gonzales, Anglin, Beattie, Ong, & Glik, 2012). The goals regarding youth substance use has been to interrupt the drug use in treatment settings, however the treatment diminish over time creating a large concern for relapse. Negative emotional
There are many contributing factors and political issues that address substance abuse. Throughout the years, many researchers have designed many interventions and social policies designed to treat people who have used, abused, and became addicted to substances. Today, there are many new studies that address substance abuse at the individual, group, family, and community or policy levels. Today, there are many services that are effective for decreasing recidivism in youth who have completed a substance abuse program. A substance abuse treatment program or center is the best way to treat individuals who have abused substances.
This paper will discuss Chemical Dependency or Substance Dependency and Substance Abuse in Adolescents; specifically the development, progression and biopsychosocial of dependency and abuse in the adolescent population. The definition of epidemiology and diagnosis will be addressed. Lastly three treatment options including the range of severity will be provided.
Adolescent substance abuse is a major problem in society. There are many risk factors that can contribute to adolescent substance abuse. One of the main risk factors is peer pressure. When adolescents start at a young age there is an increase in health problems, addiction, and over all poor social outcomes. Parental influence has substantial effect on adolescents because the adolescent sees their parents and they learn by their example. Media plays a role in the use of drug and alcohol use among young people. Many school systems have implemented programs that teach adolescents about the problems of substance abuse that is funded
Keeping up with the life of a typical adolescent is not as simple as it seems. Adolescents frequently get consumed with negative thoughts about the future which causes anxiety and prevents sleep. These are all signs that can lead one to a state called depression1. Once an adolescent is depressed, it is common for them to reach out to substances that numb their pain such as: alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana. These drugs can be extremely destructive when abused. Since these substances can easily be bought by young adolescents, it is becoming more common for youngsters to reach out to these dangerous substances. Alcohol being the most prevalent and the easiest to get places a lot of trouble on youths. According to past research, there is a direct correlation between depression and alcohol abuse among teenagers aged 13-18.
Based on extensive literature reviews on teenage substance abuse and interventions, this report examines the flaws and weaknesses of traditional interventions in curbing the menace and proposes a design in community intervention to make it efficient and effective. Recent studies show that the overall trend of lifeline drug-taking secondary school going students rose from 3.3 % in 2005 to 4.3% by the end of 2009. The age at which students begin to use drugs has continuously decreased over the years. Many studies further reveal that those of 12 years of age and below register almost double in the rise in drug prevalence from 2.4% in 2005 to 4.9% at the end of 2009. The majority of these students (7.7%) did not live with either
“I’m in love with the coco” (a song depicting a love for cocaine song by O.T. Genasis), just one of the most recent songs to have explicit usage of drugs. Referring to drug usage and sales is a popular trend in today 's hip-hop and rap lyrics. As a society where do we draw the line with censorship of this material? Not only are the lyrics being said, but the drug usage is also being portrayed in the music videos; all the way from marijuana usage to cocaine and popping pills. There 's no doubt that this type of music has a negative effect on today 's youth, but by censoring, this variety of music are we in effect censoring the culture and reality that sings it.
Drug and substance abuse among children, especially teens, is substantial. According to the most recent statistics available, (http://www.nationalyouth.com) 1.1 million of our youth age 12 to 17 meet the diagnostic criteria for dependence on drugs and approximately 1 million of our American youth (http://www.drugabusestatistics.samhsa.gov/) are being treated for