1. Is the flower in Figure 5-1 hermaphroditic, monoecious, or dioecious? Explain how you know. Is it a magnoliid, a monocot, or a eudicot? Explain how you know.

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
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Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Chapter36: Reproduction And Development In Flowering Plants
Section: Chapter Questions
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Flowers are defined as the reproductive structures of the angiosperms and, as such, they
have predictable parts with well-defined functions. Upon examining a typical nower
(like Figure 5-1), most of what you observe is designed to attract pollinators to the
flower-colorful petals, nutritious pollen or nectar, intense scents. This is critical as
plants are sessile (cannot move) and, when biotic pollinators are used, they must arrive
to be effective.
FLORAL STRUCTURE
Anther
Stamen
Filament
Stigma
Petal
(all petals combined
are the corolla)
Carpel
Style
Ovule
Ovary
Sepal
(all sepals combined
are the calyx)
Receptacle
Pedicel
CHayden-McNeil, LLC
Figure 5-1. The basic parts of a flower.
Two petals and one stamen have been removed to show internal structure.
When you separate a single flower from the plant on which it is growing, the stem
portion is called the pedicel, and the point where the pedicel becomes the flower is
called the receptacle. In most flowers, the receptacle is situated below up to four rings
of flower parts of one type. Each of these rings is called a whorl. The lowest two whorls
are nonreproductive-the sepals and the petals (together called the perianth). The
perianth attaches below the two reproductive whorls of stamens and carpels.
Transcribed Image Text:Flowers are defined as the reproductive structures of the angiosperms and, as such, they have predictable parts with well-defined functions. Upon examining a typical nower (like Figure 5-1), most of what you observe is designed to attract pollinators to the flower-colorful petals, nutritious pollen or nectar, intense scents. This is critical as plants are sessile (cannot move) and, when biotic pollinators are used, they must arrive to be effective. FLORAL STRUCTURE Anther Stamen Filament Stigma Petal (all petals combined are the corolla) Carpel Style Ovule Ovary Sepal (all sepals combined are the calyx) Receptacle Pedicel CHayden-McNeil, LLC Figure 5-1. The basic parts of a flower. Two petals and one stamen have been removed to show internal structure. When you separate a single flower from the plant on which it is growing, the stem portion is called the pedicel, and the point where the pedicel becomes the flower is called the receptacle. In most flowers, the receptacle is situated below up to four rings of flower parts of one type. Each of these rings is called a whorl. The lowest two whorls are nonreproductive-the sepals and the petals (together called the perianth). The perianth attaches below the two reproductive whorls of stamens and carpels.
PRE-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 5
1. Is the flower in Figure 5-1 hermaphroditic, monoecious, or dioecious? Explain how
you know. Is it a magnoliid, a monocot, or a eudicot? Explain how you know.
2. Looking at the tree in Figure 5-3, which of the three groups in Table 5-1 would
guess are most closely related?
you
3. Using Table 5-1, name an apomorphy in the magnoliids, monocots, or eudicots.
Using just the information in the table can you name any synapomorphies? If so,
name one and what groups share it. If not, explain why you cannot. Using just the
information in the table can you name any symplesiomorphies? If so, name one
and what groups share it. If not, explain why you cannot.
4. Using Figure 5-3 as a guide, draw a phylogeny of just the magnoliids, monocots,
and eudicots. Make tick marks on your tree labeling the origin of three apomor-
phies from Table 5-1 (there are more than three present). You may use any three
apomorphies, so long as you have tick marks on multiple branches of the tree.
5. Bring your dissection kits! If you want to wear gloves while using the toluidine blue
stain, you must provide them. If you have allergies to pollen, consider taking an
antihistamine before lab this week.
Transcribed Image Text:PRE-LABORATORY QUESTIONS 5 1. Is the flower in Figure 5-1 hermaphroditic, monoecious, or dioecious? Explain how you know. Is it a magnoliid, a monocot, or a eudicot? Explain how you know. 2. Looking at the tree in Figure 5-3, which of the three groups in Table 5-1 would guess are most closely related? you 3. Using Table 5-1, name an apomorphy in the magnoliids, monocots, or eudicots. Using just the information in the table can you name any synapomorphies? If so, name one and what groups share it. If not, explain why you cannot. Using just the information in the table can you name any symplesiomorphies? If so, name one and what groups share it. If not, explain why you cannot. 4. Using Figure 5-3 as a guide, draw a phylogeny of just the magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots. Make tick marks on your tree labeling the origin of three apomor- phies from Table 5-1 (there are more than three present). You may use any three apomorphies, so long as you have tick marks on multiple branches of the tree. 5. Bring your dissection kits! If you want to wear gloves while using the toluidine blue stain, you must provide them. If you have allergies to pollen, consider taking an antihistamine before lab this week.
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