1. This exercise is based on Figure 5.20B: The Role of Microfilaments in Cell Movement-Showing_Cause and Effect in Biology. Review the information below arih ir t:· that iuiiows. To investigate the relationship between a biological activity and the proposed cause of the activity, biologists often use inhibitors that are specific for the cause in living cells or organisms. Cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of microfilaments, was applied to white blood cells that are usually observed by microscopy to move. In separate experiments, three other inhibitors were used: colchicine, which inhibits microtubules; dinitrophenol, which inhibits ATP production (energy); and puromycin, which inhibits new protein synthesis. The results are shown in the table. Explain the reasoning and results of each experiment. What can you conclude about white blood cells movements and the cytoskeleton? Cell movement (% cells moving) Condition No inhibitor 96 Cytochalasin B Colchicine 92 Dinitrophenol Puromycin 95

1. This exercise is based on Figure 5.20B: The Role of Microfilaments in Cell Movement-Showing_Cause and Effect in Biology. Review the information below arih ir t:· that iuiiows. To investigate the relationship between a biological activity and the proposed cause of the activity, biologists often use inhibitors that are specific for the cause in living cells or organisms. Cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of microfilaments, was applied to white blood cells that are usually observed by microscopy to move. In separate experiments, three other inhibitors were used: colchicine, which inhibits microtubules; dinitrophenol, which inhibits ATP production (energy); and puromycin, which inhibits new protein synthesis. The results are shown in the table. Explain the reasoning and results of each experiment. What can you conclude about white blood cells movements and the cytoskeleton? Cell movement (% cells moving) Condition No inhibitor 96 Cytochalasin B Colchicine 92 Dinitrophenol Puromycin 95

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter5: Membranes And Transport

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TYK: The freeze-fracture technique demonstrated: a. that the plasma membrane is a bilayer with individual...

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1. A scientist synthesized a membrane in the laboratory. The synthetic membrane has allthe properties associated with the cell membranes of living cells, can spontaneously formspheres or bubble-like configurations, which replicate on their own, and react with stimuliin the environment. With these findings, the scientist claims he was able to re-createunder laboratory conditions, what Earth’s first living cells possibly look like. State andbriefly explain/support your opinion about his claim. 2. In your own words, discuss how the process of mitosis faithfully distributes exact copiesof heritable information in the production of genetically identical daughter cells PLEASE ANSWER WITH COMPLETE DETAILS FOR A THUMBS UP
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1. Which of the listed protein would NOT be expected to have experienced vesicular transport? A. Cis-golgi enzymes B. Proteins in early and late and endosomes due to pinocytosis C. Lysosomal enzymes D. A multi-pass transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane E. All of the above proteins Actually would undergo vesicular transport at some point 2. What would be the effect of COPI-coated vesicles if a cell is treated with GTP analogous that can bind the ARF G protein but can not trigger the exposure of its lipid anchor. A. They will decrease substantially in number in the cytoplasm B. They will accumulate in the nucleus C. They will fuse into one giant vesicle that was seen in the cytoplasm D. They will accumulate in the cytoplasm E. They will decrease substantially in number in the nucleus
Vesicle transport occurs between the ER and the Golgi in bothdirections. Let’s suppose a researcher added a drug to cells thatinhibited vesicle transport from the Golgi to the ER but did not affectvesicle transport from the ER to the Golgi. If you observed cellsmicroscopically after the drug was added, what would you expect to seehappen over the course of 1 hour?a. The ER would get smaller, and the Golgi would get larger.b. The ER would get larger, and the Golgi would get smaller.c. The ER and Golgi would stay the same size.d. Both the ER and Golgi would get larger.e. Both the ER and Golgi would get smaller
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of all the following EXCEPT A) drug detoxification by means of mixed-function oxidases B) synthesis of proteins that are secreted from the cell C) N-linked glycosylation of newly formed polypeptides D)Ca2+ storage in muscle tissues E) hydrolytic activities carried out by acid hydrolases Option 6
5. Microtubules and microfilaments are similar in that: Group of answer choices A. both use GTP as their energy source. B. both have distinct + and – ends. C. both can disassemble by “catastrophe.” D. both assemble from a small number of locations in the cell. E. None of the above is correct. 6. Intermediate filaments are distinct from microtubules in all of the following EXCEPT: Group of answer choices A. Intermediate filaments are not directional. B. Intermediate filaments do not have associated motor proteins. C. Intermediate filaments do not need ATP to assemble. D. Intermediate filaments are more dynamic. E. They are distinct in all of these ways.
You have genetically modified a cell to have a thicker membrane than normal (25nm). To keepyour cells alive, you need to understand how diffusion of nutrients works. What is the flux ofglucose through the cell membrane given that: -The concentration of glucose in the media is 10mM -The concentration of glucose inside the cell is 2mM -The diffusivity of glucose is 6x10-10m2/s
Many eukaryote cells are NOT able to synthesize (make their own) the amino acids that they require to conduct life processes. When such a cell is placed in an aqueous (water) solution containing the 20 essential amino acids, one would expect that a) nothing would happen. b) amino acids would be moved into the cell by specific membrane transport proteins. c) H2O would dissolve in the membrane. d) the cell would make Glucose into amino acids. e) the cell would divide.
Hoechst 33342 is a membrane-permeant dye thatfluoresces when it binds to DNA. When a population ofcells is incubated briefly with Hoechst dye and then sortedin a flow cytometer, which measures the fluorescence ofeach cell, the cells display various levels of fluorescence asshown in Figure Q17–1.
The biological process shown in Figure 1 occurs in a eukaryotic cell’s nucleus. d) Name X and state how it functions in a protein synthesis. e) Give three differences between molecules X and Y.
The freeze-fracture technique demonstrated: a. that the plasma membrane is a bilayer with individual proteins suspended in it. b. that the plasma membrane is fluid. c. that the arrangement of membrane lipids and proteins is symmetric. d. that proteins are bound to the cytoplasmic side but not embedded in the lipid bilayer. e. the direction of movement of solutes through the membrane.