1. What are tropic hormones? 2. What are TRH and TSH? 3. Why are they referred to as tropic hormones? 4. Which cells in the thyroid help in producing T3 and T4? 5. Which trace elements is critical for the synthesis of T3 and T4? 6. Which cells in the thyroid gland produce calcitonin? 7. Which mineral is regulated by calcitonin?

1. What are tropic hormones? 2. What are TRH and TSH? 3. Why are they referred to as tropic hormones? 4. Which cells in the thyroid help in producing T3 and T4? 5. Which trace elements is critical for the synthesis of T3 and T4? 6. Which cells in the thyroid gland produce calcitonin? 7. Which mineral is regulated by calcitonin?

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter37: The Endocrine System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 37.14 Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive. Hypothyroidism...

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Figure 37.14 Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is underactive. Which of the conditions are the following two patients most likely to have? Patient A has symptoms including weight gain, cold sensitivity, low heart rate, and fatigue. Patient B has symptoms including weight loss, profuse sweating, increased heart rate, and difficulty sleeping.
Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.
Figure 16.14 Goiter, a disease caused by iodine deficiency, results in the inability of the thyroid gland to form T3 and T4 . The body typically attempts to compensate by producing greater amounts of TSH. Which of the following symptoms would you expect goiter to cause? a. Hypothyroidism, resulting in weight gain, cold sensitivity, and reduced mental activity. b. Hyperthyroidism, resulting in weight loss, profuse sweating and increased heart rate. C. Hyperthyroidism, resulting in weight gain, cold sensitivity, and reduced mental activity. d. Hypothyroidism, resulting in weight loss, profuse sweating and increased heart rate.
How can synthetic cortisol be used to help athletes suffering from joint injuries? How could its overuse make an injury worse?
1) Hormone pathologies often manifest with elevated or lower hormones. The underlying cause may differ. What symptoms would be associated with hyperthyroidism? 2) Autoimmune disease in which auto-antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor (TSHR) on the thyroid gland. How would this affect levels of TRH, TSH, and TH? Draw out the H-P-T axis to illustrate changes in each hormone. 3) What symptoms would be associated with hypothyroidism? 4) How could this disease be treated? When the thyroid cells are destroyed, they cannot make hormones anymore and TH replacement needs to be given.
Which one of the following statements about T3 is FALSE? 1) It is thought to be the most active thyroid hormone. 2) It may be elevated to a greater extent than T4 in hyperthyroidism. 3) It is not bound to serum proteins. 4) It is commonly decreased in patients with nonthyroidal illness. no references, just homework.
1. What hormones are produced by the thyroid and parathyroid glands? Explain the function of each.
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1. Keeping body water and body sodium at homeostasis are of paramount importance (i.e. the most important thing for the human body). Following this logic, which two endocrine glands would arguably be most important? A. Adrenal gland and thyroid gland B. Adrenal gland and posterior pituitary C. Anterior pituitary and thyroid gland D. Posterior pituitary and thyroid gland
1)What tissue regulates both the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis? Does this tissue regulate lots of physiological functions? Give a few examples. 2) All of the following are directly controlled by a hormonal stimulus from the hypothalamus EXCEPT… a)GH, Growth hormone b) FSH c) Oxytocin. d) TSH, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 3) How would a tumor in cells that produce TSH affect levels of TSH in the blood? increase / decrease / normal 4) How would this affect hormone secretion by the target cells of TSH? increase / decrease / normal
Which of the following correctly describes the hormone insulin? a. It is produced by B cells in the pancreas. b. It increases glucose uptake by liver and muscle cells. c. It is a peptide hormone. d. It lowers blood glucose levels. e. All of these are correct.
COLUMN A Hormone COLUMN B Tissue (numbers 61-70) COLUMN C Organ (numbers 71-80) 70. Cortisol A. Alpha cells A. Thyroid 71. Growth hormone B. Zona fasciculata B. Hypophysis 72. Glucagon C. Chief cells C. Neurophysis 73. Luteinizing hormone D. Basophilic cells D. Parathyroids 74. PTH E. Beta cells E. Pancreas 75. TSH AB. Zona glomerulosa AB. Adrenal gland 76. Aldosterone AC. Acidophilic cells 77. Insulin AD. Zona reticularis 78. Prolactin 79. ACTH AE. Oxyphil cells