2. What is context switching? Suppose there are 3 processes P0, P1, P2. At first, PO is executing then P1 interrupts. P1 will execute for some time. After that, P2 will interrupt. Then P2 will execute for some time. Then P0 will interrupt. Draw the process switching diagram.
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- a. Can a process make transition from Ready state to Blocked state? Why orwhy not?b. Which scheduler must work very fast in order not to waste significantCPU time? Which can be slowc. What are the advantages of multiprogramming over non-multiprogramming systems?d. Is there any protection between threads of a process?e. How threads are more efficient in multiprocessor system?f. What is the advantage of thread switching over process switching? Why?g. What is the advantage of implementing threads in the kernel?h. When are counting semaphores used?i. What is the difference between multiprogramming and multiprocessing?j. When should a user use time-sharing system than personal computer orsingle-user?When feasible, what are the upsides of prioritizing the I/O queue as the place where processes would be executed? If the I/O connection suddenly goes down, what do you expect to happen? How would this affect the fastest possible CPU burst rate? I'm not quite sure I get what you're getting at here.Is it true that a mode switch between two threads within the same process involves less work than a mode switch between two threads in different processes? Elaborate your answer.
- When this option is available, the I/O queue should be prioritised above the process execution queue. In what ways may this be beneficial? Who knows what will take place if there is a disruption in the I/O. It is unclear at this time if this will have an effect on the maximum burst rate of the CPU. I'm not really clear on the point you're trying to make here.For a context switch, the OS stores information of interrupted process. An OS designer contemplates, holding such information a.) in registers, b.) in memory, c.) on disk. Discuss pro and con of each option briefly. Which do you choose, why?Assume there are two dependent processes, which synchronization algorithm will you choose for the best performance? Justify? Can you choose the same algorithm if there are more than two processes?
- a) What is a Process Control Block (PCB)? Which information does it store? b) Long term scheduler versus short term scheduler versus medium term scheduler. What are their functions? c) How does the system call execute? Can you explain figure1? d) How does the interrupt execute? Can you explain figure 2? e) How to use system calls to make input/output operations? Can you explain figure 3? f) In a time-sharing environment, several users share the system simultaneously: How can we reach MM protection? Can you explain figure 4?Is it a reasonable for a process under OS control to be repeatedly in: “running” <-> “wait” states? Explain why or why not.a) For what reason is synchronization important among processes when every one of them are executing on a single CPU machine and just one of them can really execute at any one moment?b) There are several way to design an operation system but let suppose an organization need to design an operating system for their server machine and multiple user will be allowed to access the resources through network. Which technique would you like to suggest to design process communication module? What is the advantages of your selected technique? Explain your answer briefly.c) From the given scenario in part(b), which treading model allows system to run an application that fetches data continuously and simultaneously over network? Justify your answer.
- Compare two independent processes and two different threads running in the same process. At what time is it best to do something?Operating System QUESTION Explain the differences between user-level and kernel-level threads? How does the essential effect happen due to the difference in cost between a context switch for kernel-level threads and a switch that occurs between user-level threads?When a process p requests a resource using the request resource function, its state is set to ______________ if the requested resource is unavailable. Ready Blocked Ready Suspended The PCB contains an out-of-date copy of the CPU state of process Q when Q is running. True False The main benefit of using virtual CPUs is that they increase processing speed. True False