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- Suppose a system has 5 processes, P = {P1, P2, P3, P4, P5}, and 4 resources, R = {R1, R2, R3, R4}, where there are 2 instances of R1, 1 instance of R2, 3 instances of R3, and 3 instances of R4. The current state of the system is defined by the following requests and assignments: P1 is requesting an instance of R3 and has been assigned an instance of R2; P2 is requesting an instance of R1 and has been assigned an instance of R3; P3 is requesting an instance of R4 and has been assigned an instance of R1 and an instance of R3; P4 is requesting an instance of R3; P5 is requesting an instance of R2 and has been assigned an instance of R4. Is there deadlock in this system? (Explicitly state yes, there’s deadlock or no, there isn’t.) If applicable, draw a wait-for graph or resource-allocation graph, and use the appropriate graph to justify your answer. If you conclude there is no deadlock, your justification should contain a sequence of execution for the processes which shows that…Suppose that a multiprogrammed system has a load of N processes with individual execution times of t1, t2, ...,tN. Answer the following questions: a) How would it be possible that the time to complete the N processes could be as small as: maximum (t1, t2, ...,tN)? b) How would it be possible that the total execution time, T > t1+ t2+ ...+tN? In other words, what would cause the total execution time to exceed the sum of individual process execution times?There are 3 resources R1, R2 and R3 with one instance each and three processes P1, P2 and P3 in an operating system. A snapshot of the system resource allocation graph shows the following: R1 is allocated to P2; R2 is allocated to P1; R3 is allocated to P3; P1 requests R1; P2 requests R3; P3 requests R2. Which of the following is true about this system? answer ) a)Undetermined b)There is deadlock in the system c)Deadlock will never happen d)There is no deadlock in the system
- A deadlock occurs when a group of processes is stalled because one process is holding a resource and waiting for another process to obtain it. Consider the situation when two trains are approaching each other on the same track and there is only one track: once they are in front of each other, neither train can proceed. In operating systems, a similar scenario happens when two or more processes possess certain resources while waiting on resources owned by other processes (s). In the picture below, Process 1 is holding Resource 1 and waiting for Process 2 to acquire Resource 2, while Process 2 is waiting for Resource 1. Give an example of a realistic deadlock avoidance approach and describe the basic strategy behind it.Question 4 Execute SRT for the following group of processes and complete the following table: Process A B C D E TArrival 0 2 4 6 8 Ts 2 3 5 1 4 TFinish Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer TR Answer  Answer  Answer  Answer  Answer  1. If the process arriving has the same remaining execution time as the process in the CPU, then the process that is using the CPU will have the highest priority. 2. If there is no process in the execution state and two or more processes have the shortest remaining time, then you will use the lowest PID criterion (using lexicographical order). Question 5 Execute HRRN for the following group of processes and complete the following table: Process A B C D TArrival 0 2 4 6 Ts 3 5 4 1 TFinish Answer Answer Answer Answer TR Answer  Answer Answer Answer  If two or more processes in the ready queue…assume a system has 6 identical resources and N processes competing for them. each process can request at most 2 resources. what is the maximum value of N for the system to be deadlock free?
- A system has three processes (P1, P2, P3) and three reusable resources (R1, R2, R3). There is one instance of R1, two instances of R2 and three instances of R3. P1 holds an R1 and an R3 and is requesting an R2. P2 holds an R3 and is requesting an R1 and an R2. P3 holds two R2 and an R3 and is requesting an R1. How many cycles are there? Does a deadlokc exist? Why?Consider a computer system which has four identical units of a resource R. There are three processes each with a maximum claim of two units of resource R. Processes can request these resources in any way that is, two in one shot or one by one. The system always satisfies a request for a resource if enough resources are available. If the processes don't request any other kind of resource, show that the system never deadlocks?Problem: A single process, with execution time of BT time units, is detected by the system that uses Round Robin algorithm with time quantum of QT time units. Every time the time quantum elapses; a context switch is always performed with CS time units. Assume that the process come at time equal to zero (0). 1) If BT is 25, QT is 10 and CS is 2, what is the CPU utilization of the system? a. Below 70% b. 70-79% c. 90- 100% d. 80-89% 2) If BT is 20, QT is 6 and CS is 1, what is the CPU utilization of the system? a. 95- 100% b. 90- 94% c. Below 85% d. 85-89% 3) What is the CPU utilization if BT is equal QT and QT is equal to CS? a. 100% b. 50% c. 75% d. 60% 4) What is the system’s throughput if BT is less than QT? a. 3/BT b. Undetermined c. 1/BT d. 2/BT 5) What is the system’s turnaround time (TAT) if BT is less than QT? a. BT/QT b. BT c. CS d. QT
- Four processes arrive at the same time with their priorities, execution times and I/O times given in the table below. Assuming a Round-Robin Scheduling works with a quantum time of 3, but the scheduler selects the process with highest priority from the queue (NOT those arrived earliest), other than currently pre-empted process, at each turn; a-)Draw the timeline for CPU- and I/O- bursts for these processes b-)Calculate average turn-around timeConsider the FCFS, SJF, and RR (quantum = 8 milliseconds) scheduling algorithms for this set of processes. Process Burst Time P1 8 P2 25 P3 3 P4 7 P5 11 The processes are assumed to have arrived in the order P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, all at time 0. a) Draw Gantt charts that illustrate the execution of these processes using the following scheduling algorithms: FCFS, SJF, and RR. b) What is the waiting time of each process for each of these scheduling algorithms? c) Which of the algorithms results in the minimum average waiting time (overall processes)? d) Derive the Need (max-Alloc) matrix. It should be presented like the Allocation or Maximum matrices above. e) If the request from process P1 arrives for (0,1,2,0), can the request be granted? Why?Given the list of processes, their CPU burst times, arrival times and priorities implement SJF,Priority and Round Robin scheduling algorithms on the processes with preemption. For each ofthe scheduling policies, compute and print the completion Time(CT), Turnaround Time(TAT),and Waiting Time(WT) for each process using C Programming.Waiting time: Processes need to wait in the process queue before execution starts and inexecution while they get preempted. Turnaround time: Time elapsed by each process to get completely served. (Difference betweensubmission time and completion time).