3. is not a field. EXERCISE Let U be a ring with unity 1. Show that a) b) c) if 0 = 1, then U consists of only one element if 0 is a unit, then U = {0} if U= {0}, then 0 is the unity and a unit.
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- Let R be a commutative ring with unity whose only ideals are {0} and R Prove that R is a field.(Hint: See Exercise 30.)a. If R is a commutative ring with unity, show that the characteristic of R[ x ] is the same as the characteristic of R. b. State the characteristic of Zn[ x ]. c. State the characteristic of Z[ x ].. a. Let, and . Show that and are only ideals of and hence is a maximal ideal. b. Show that is not a field. Hence Theorem is not true if the condition that is commutative is removed. Theorem 6.22 Quotient Rings That are Fields. Let be a commutative ring with unity, and let be an ideal of . Then is a field if and only if is a maximal ideal of .
- Suppose S is a subset of an field F that contains at least two elements and satisfies both of the following conditions: xS and yS imply xyS, and xS and y0S imply xy1S. Prove that S is a field. This S is called a subfield of F. [Type here][Type here][Type here] Examples 5 and 6 of Section 5.1 showed that is a commutative ring with unity. In Exercises 4 and 5, let . 4. Is an integral domain? If not, find all zero divisors in . [Type here]Since this section presents a method for constructing a field of quotients for an arbitrary integral domain D, we might ask what happens if D is already a field. As an example, consider the situation when D=5. a. With D=5, write out all the elements of S, sort these elements according to the relation , and then list all the distinct elements of Q. b. Exhibit an isomorphism from D to Q.
- 17. Suppose is a ring with positive characteristic. Prove that if is any ideal of then is a multiple of the characteristic of.Prove that if F is an ordered field with F+ as its set of positive elements, then F+nen+, where e denotes the multiplicative identity in F. (Hint: See Theorem 5.34 and its proof.) Theorem 5.34: Well-Ordered D+ If D is an ordered integral domain in which the set D+ of positive elements is well-ordered, then e is the least element of D+ and D+=nen+.Prove that if R and S are fields, then the direct sum RS is not a field. [Type here][Type here]
- a. For a fixed element a of a commutative ring R, prove that the set I={ar|rR} is an ideal of R. (Hint: Compare this with Example 4, and note that the element a itself may not be in this set I.) b. Give an example of a commutative ring R and an element aR such that a(a)={ar|rR}.11. a. Give an example of a ring of characteristic 4, and elements in such that b. Give an example of a noncommutative ring with characteristic 4, and elements in such that .[Type here] 23. Let be a Boolean ring with unity. Prove that every element ofexceptandis a zero divisor. [Type here]