3. Number of sign changes in the entries in 1st column of Routh array denotes the no. of a) Roots of characteristic polynomial in RHP. b) Zeroes of system in RHP. c) Open loop pole in RHP. d) Open loop zeroes in RHP.

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Nodal Analysis

In the analysis of any electric circuit, nodal analysis is the method of determining the potential difference or voltage between different nodes in an electric circuit. A node is a point where two or more branches connect each other. In the nodal analysis, the voltages are determined in the terms of branch currents. The nodal analysis is also known as the node voltage method or branch current method. The nodal analysis method is one of the several applications of Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL).