3. Show that the following permutations: e = 12345 67 8 a = 12345 678, B = 1 2 3 4 5 678 Y = 12345678 1234 5 678 34127856 65872143, 87654321 form a permutation group by constructing the composition table and demonstrating closure.
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- In Exercises 1- 9, let be the given group. Write out the elements of a group of permutations that is isomorphic to, and exhibit an isomorphism from to this group. 3. Let be the Klein four group with its multiplication table given in figure 4.2 Figure 4.2Let n be appositive integer, n1. Prove by induction that the set of transpositions (1,2),(1,3),...,(1,n) generates the entire group Sn.In Exercises 15 and 16, the given table defines an operation of multiplication on the set S={ e,a,b,c }. In each case, find a condition in Definition 3.1 that fails to hold, and thereby show that S is not a group. See Figure 3.7 e a b c e e a b c a e a b c b e a b c c e a b c
- In Exercises and, the given table defines an operation of multiplication on the set. In each case, find a condition in Definition that fails to hold, and thereby show that is not a group. 15. See Figure.12. Find all homomorphic images of each group in Exercise of Section. 18. Let be the group of units as described in Exercise. For each value of, write out the elements of and construct a multiplication table for . a. b. c. d.42. For an arbitrary set , the power set was defined in Section by , and addition in was defined by Prove that is a group with respect to this operation of addition. If has distinct elements, state the order of .
- If a is an element of order m in a group G and ak=e, prove that m divides k.(See Exercise 31.) Suppose G is a group that is transitive on 1,2,...,n, and let ki be the subgroup that leaves each of the elements 1,2,...,i fixed: Ki=gGg(k)=kfork=1,2,...,i For i=1,2,...,n. Prove that G=Sn if and only if HiHj for all pairs i,j such that ij and in1. A subgroup H of the group Sn is called transitive on B=1,2,....,n if for each pair i,j of elements of B there exists an element hH such that h(i)=j. Suppose G is a group that is transitive on 1,2,....,n, and let Hi be the subgroup of G that leaves i fixed: Hi=gGg(i)=i For i=1,2,...,n. Prove that G=nHi.Find the order of each of the following elements in the multiplicative group of units . for for for for
- In Exercises 3 and 4, let G be the octic group D4=e,,2,3,,,, in Example 12 of section 4.1, with its multiplication table requested in Exercise 20 of the same section. Let H be the subgroup e, of the octic group D4. Find the distinct left cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, partition D4 into left cosets of H, and give [D4:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, and partition D4 into right cosets of H. Example 12 Using the notational convention described in the preceding paragraph, we shall write out the dihedral group D4 of rigid motions of a square The elements of the group D4 are as follows: 1. the identity mapping e=(1) 2. the counterclockwise rotation =(1,2,3,4) through 900 about the center O 3. the counterclockwise rotation 2=(1,3)(2,4) through 1800 about the center O 4. the counterclockwise rotation 3=(1,4,3,2) through 2700 about the center O 5. the reflection =(1,4)(2,3) about the horizontal line h 6. the reflection =(2,4) about the diagonal d1 7. the reflection =(1,2)(3,4) about the vertical line v 8. the reflection =(1,3) about the diagonal d2. The dihedral group D4=e,,2,3,,,, of rigid motions of the square is also known as the octic group. The multiplication table for D4 is requested in Exercise 20 of this section.In Exercises 3 and 4, let be the octic group in Example 12 of section 4.1, with its multiplication table requested in Exercise 20 of the same section. Let be the subgroup of the octic group . Find the distinct left cosets of in , write out their elements, partition into left cosets of , and give . Find the distinct right cosets of in , write out their elements, and partition into right cosets of . Example 12 Using the notational convention described in the preceding paragraph, we shall write out the dihedral group of rigid motions of a square The elements of the group are as follows: 1. the identity mapping 2. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 3. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 4. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 5. the reflection about the horizontal line 6. the reflection about the diagonal 7. the reflection about the vertical line 8. the reflection about the diagonal . The dihedral group of rigid motions of the square is also known as the octic group. The multiplication table for is requested in Exercise 20 of this section.Find the normalizer of the subgroup (1),(1,3)(2,4) of the octic group D4.
