3.)Use the Division Algorithm to establish the following: (a) The square of any integer is either of the form 3k or 3k + 1. (b) The cube of any integer has one of the forms: 9k, 9k + 1, or 9k + 8. (c) The fourth power of any integer is either of the form 5k or 5k + 1. 4. Prove that 3a2 – 1 is never a perfect square.
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
2.2 question 3
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