34. Which of the following personality theories believes that personality is stable and fixed? humanistic; psychoanalytic trait; psychoanalytic socio-cognitive; humanistic behavioristic; trait
Personality is the beliefs, attitudes and traits of an individual which will influence the individual to behave in certain ways. There are multiple theories of personality each emphasising what influences the personality and development of a personality. Some of the most prominent theories of personality are the following:
Psychoanalytic theory: One of the earliest theories of personality proposed by Sigmund Freud emphasised that personality is complex and is composed of 3 components Id, Ego and SuperEgo. These three components collectively contribute to the personality of an individual and are fixed according to Freud's view.
Humanistic: This perspective believed that the personality evolves from the person's self-concept which consists of the real self and ideal self. Here the core idea is that personality is based on the free will of the individual and changes accordingly.
Trait theory: This theory proposed that personality is made up of traits that are relatively stable and fixed which will influence the individual to act in certain ways.
Sociocognitive theory: This theory proposes that personality is shaped by our social factors (environment, culture, ethnicity etc) and cognitive factors (interpretations, perception) of an individual. These factors collectively influence a personality of a person. This might change over a period of time depending on the situations the individual adapts accordingly.
Behaviourism: According to behaviourists personality is the result of a dynamic interaction between our environment which will result in their decision making and actions. They firmly believed that personality could change over time depending various factors that influences the behaviour of an individual.
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