55. Consider the following situation:• You try to hold your breath for as long as you can, but you can do so only for about aminute voluntarily.• Eventually, you can hold your breath no longer, and you start breathing involuntarily.a. Which parts of the brain are involved in the two actions?b. What is the physiologic process involved in the regulation of respiration?56. . A client complains of severe pain during inspiration. His x-ray shows inflammation of the leftlung pleura. What is the cause of the inflammation in the lung?hoon a

. Our brain is called complex organ. This will regulate our emotions, memory, thinking, hunger and…

Answered: 55. Consider the following situation: •…

Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory Care: An Integrated Approach

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285244662

Author:White

Publisher:White

Chapter15: Humidity And Aerosol Therapy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10SEPT

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How would paralysis of the diaphragm alter inspiration? It would prevent contraction of the intercostal muscles It would prevent inhalation because the intrapleural pressure would not change It would decrease the intrapleural pressure and allow more air to enter the lungs It would slow expiration because the lung would not relax.
1) During alveolar HYPERventilation, levels of blood CO2 drop while blood O2 is elevated. What reflexive responses will this stimulate from the CPG? a) Increased DRG and VRG activity in the medulla, stimulating I and E motor neurons. b) Decreased DRG and VRG activity in the medulla, stimulating I and E motor neurons. c) Decreased DRG and VRG activity in the medulla, inhibiting I and E motor neurons. d) Increased DRG and VRG activity in the medulla, inhibiting I and E motor neurons.
8. Explain the four stages of external respiration and identify the gradients (driving force) and resistance of each stage.
40. Respiratory alkalosis is recognized as a respiratory rate in excess of that which maintains normal plasma PCO2 levels. What is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis? a. Hyperventilation syndrome b. Hypoventilation syndrome c. Cluster breathing d. Kussmaul breathing
1. Considering a patient with severe pneumonia, resulting in impaired exchange of O2 and CO2 between the air and blood in the lungs? Would the oxygen (O2) levels in the blood be: (a) Normal (b) below normal (c) elevated 2. With respect to item #1, would the CO2 levels in the same patient’s blood be ? (a) Normal (b) below normal (c) elevated 3. With respect to item #1 and 2, assuming that other compensatory measures have not yet had time to act, what would happen to the patient’s blood considering thatCO2 reacts with water to form carbonic acid? (a) have a normal pH (b) be too acidic (c) not be acidic enough (that is, be too alkaline)
Neural output from the brain stem regulated breathing including respiratory rate and depth. In a patient with damage to the medulla oblongata and subsequently to the phrenic nerve, which of the following would be true? a. the diaphragm may not be able to contract, resulting in respiratory arrest b. the respiratory rate and depth would increase as signals from the pons would increase c. the diaphragm will begin to contract on its own via autorhythmic cells
Describe the airway of Emmett who is having an asthma attack. What would be the desired effect of treating this patient with medications such as beta2-agonists and corticosteroids?
65. All of the following occur during swallowing expect A. The epiglottis is pulled over the entrance to the larynx to protect the airway B. The longtudinal pharyngeal muscles (stylopharyngeus and palatopharyneus) contract to elevate and widen the C. The tongue pushes the bolts of chewed food into the oropharynx. D. The levator veli palatini muscles contract to seal off the nasopharynx from the oropharynx E. The three pharyngeal constrictor muscles all relax to allow the bolus to pass to the esophagus.
1. carbon dioxide released during respiration can affect the % oxygen saturation of haemoglobin. Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid. Which statements below explains the effect of carbon dioxide on haemoglobin? A. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to rise, which reduces haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. B. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to rise, which increases haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. C. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to fall, which increases haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. D. The release of hydrogen ions causes the pH to fall, which reduces haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. E. None of the above can explain the change. 2. The following events occur when carbon dioxide enters an erythrocyte in a capillary. 1. Hydrogencarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma from the red blood cells. 2. Dissociation of carbonic acid 3. Carbon dioxide reacts with water forming carbonic acid 4. Chloride ions…
20. Which type of animal is most likely to exhibit respiration? A. An animal with sweat glands on a cold day B. An animal without sweat glands on a cold day C. An animal with sweat glands on a hot day D. An animal without sweat glands on a hot day
There is a theory that suggests a patient with COPD might have a depression of ventilation following administration of high fiO2. Which of the following best summarizes the recommendations on how to address this concern? A. Never administer supplemental oxygen to patients with COPD as the risk of them stopping breathing is too great B. Treat acute hypoxemia with oxygen, but wean the oxygen as soon as possible C. Always double filter oxygen being delivered to a patient with COPD to ensure there are no particles that may be breathed in D. Supplement oxygen therapy with medical grade carbon dioxide to maintain dr to breathe
Both the elastic property of the lung and the air :water interface contribute to the overall recoil of the lung. What are the relative contributions of the elastic property and the air: water interface to the recoil of the lung? A)both contribute equally to the recoil of the lung. B)the elastic tissue contributes ~33% to the recoil of the lung. C)the air:water interface contributes ~33% to the recoil of the lung. D)the elastic tissue contributes ~67% to the recoil of the lung. E)the air:water interface contributes ~90% to the recoil of the lung. With respect to LaPlace's Law, the amount of pressure needed to keep alveoli open when surfactant is missing will be A)increased B)decreased C)stay the same E)all of the above

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