7. Consider the following system: px + qy cx + dy (a) Explain why if the eigenvalues are distinct real numbers, the general form of the solution be written as where o1 and 02 are the eigenvectors associated with d1 and A2. (b) Explain why if the eigenvalues are complex numbers of the form a+bi then the general solut is of the form = eat where v is a vector containing arbitrary constants c1 and c2 and other terms involving si 的

Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
4th Edition
ISBN:9781285463247
Author:David Poole
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Chapter4: Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors
Section4.1: Introduction To Eigenvalues And Eigenvectors
Problem 35EQ
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7. Consider the following system:
dx
px + qy
сх + dy
(a) Explain why if the eigenvalues are distinct real numbers, the general form of the solution can
be written as
where o1 and 02 are the eigenvectors associated with 1 and A2.
(b) Explain why if the eigenvalues are complex numbers of the form a+bi then the general solution
is of the form
x(t)
()
eaty
%3D
where v is a vector containing arbitrary constants c1 and c2 and other terms involving sin(t)
and cos(t).
(c) Complete the following table by reflecting on and organizing what you've figured out about the
phase portrait for systems of linear differential equations based on knowing just the eigenvalues.
Eigenvalues
Typical phase portrait Basic format of the general solution
two distinct positive
real numbers
one positive and one
negative real number
two distinct negative
real numbers
a complex conjugate pair
with negative real part
a complex conjugate pair
with positive real part
a complex conjugate pair
with no real part
Il||
Transcribed Image Text:7. Consider the following system: dx px + qy сх + dy (a) Explain why if the eigenvalues are distinct real numbers, the general form of the solution can be written as where o1 and 02 are the eigenvectors associated with 1 and A2. (b) Explain why if the eigenvalues are complex numbers of the form a+bi then the general solution is of the form x(t) () eaty %3D where v is a vector containing arbitrary constants c1 and c2 and other terms involving sin(t) and cos(t). (c) Complete the following table by reflecting on and organizing what you've figured out about the phase portrait for systems of linear differential equations based on knowing just the eigenvalues. Eigenvalues Typical phase portrait Basic format of the general solution two distinct positive real numbers one positive and one negative real number two distinct negative real numbers a complex conjugate pair with negative real part a complex conjugate pair with positive real part a complex conjugate pair with no real part Il||
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