8. In a class of students, the following data table summarizes how many students passed a test and complete the homework due the day of the test. What is the probability that a student chosen randomly from the class failed the test? Completed the homework Did not complete the homework Passed the test 14 2 Failed the test 3 4

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134753119
Author:Sheldon Ross
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Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis
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**Study Guide: Understanding Probability with Data Tables**

**Question 8 Overview:**

In a class of students, we have a data table that summarizes how many students passed a test and completed the homework due the day of the test. The goal is to find the probability that a student chosen randomly from the class failed the test.

**Data Table Explanation:**

The table below shows the distribution of students based on their performance in a test and their completion of homework:

|                      | Passed the test | Failed the test |
|----------------------|-----------------|-----------------|
| Completed the homework |      14         |        3        |
| Did not complete the homework |      2          |        4        |

**Using the Data Table:**

1. **Identify Total Number of Students**:
   - **Completed the homework:** 14 (passed) + 3 (failed) = 17 students
   - **Did not complete the homework:** 2 (passed) + 4 (failed) = 6 students
   - **Total number of students:** 17 (completed homework) + 6 (did not complete homework) = 23 students

2. **Calculate Total Number of Students Who Failed the Test**:
   - Students who failed the test: 3 (completed homework) + 4 (did not complete homework) = 7 students

3. **Calculate the Probability**:
   - Probability that a student chosen randomly failed the test = (Number of students who failed the test) / (Total number of students)
   - Probability = 7 / 23

Thus, the probability that a randomly chosen student from this class failed the test is **7/23**. 

Use this table to understand how different datasets and conditional probabilities work in practice. This example showcases the practical application of probability and data interpretation in a classroom setting.
Transcribed Image Text:**Study Guide: Understanding Probability with Data Tables** **Question 8 Overview:** In a class of students, we have a data table that summarizes how many students passed a test and completed the homework due the day of the test. The goal is to find the probability that a student chosen randomly from the class failed the test. **Data Table Explanation:** The table below shows the distribution of students based on their performance in a test and their completion of homework: | | Passed the test | Failed the test | |----------------------|-----------------|-----------------| | Completed the homework | 14 | 3 | | Did not complete the homework | 2 | 4 | **Using the Data Table:** 1. **Identify Total Number of Students**: - **Completed the homework:** 14 (passed) + 3 (failed) = 17 students - **Did not complete the homework:** 2 (passed) + 4 (failed) = 6 students - **Total number of students:** 17 (completed homework) + 6 (did not complete homework) = 23 students 2. **Calculate Total Number of Students Who Failed the Test**: - Students who failed the test: 3 (completed homework) + 4 (did not complete homework) = 7 students 3. **Calculate the Probability**: - Probability that a student chosen randomly failed the test = (Number of students who failed the test) / (Total number of students) - Probability = 7 / 23 Thus, the probability that a randomly chosen student from this class failed the test is **7/23**. Use this table to understand how different datasets and conditional probabilities work in practice. This example showcases the practical application of probability and data interpretation in a classroom setting.
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