A 19-year-old male visits his primary care physician with a sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and extreme fatigue. During the visit, the nurse finds that he has a fever. The patient reports that he is attending his second year of college at a local university. The physician performs a physical examination, which confirms large, swollen, painful lymph nodes. He decides to send the patient to the office laboratory for blood work. He orders a complete blood count (CBC) and viral and bacterial studies. Reference Range Reference Range WBC 13.3 × 103/uL 4.8–10.8 × 103/uL Neutrophils 40% 60%–70% RBC 4.5 × 109/L 4.7–6.1 × 109/L Lymphocytes 53% *20% of lymphocytes are atypical 20%–30% Hgb 14.1 g/dL 14–18 g/dL Monocytes 7% 5%–10% Hct 42% 42%–52% Eosinophils 0 0%–5% MCV 92 fL 80–100 fL Basophils 0 0%–2% MCH 27 pg 27–31 pg Absolute neutrophils 5.32 1.4–6.5 × 103/uL MCHC 33% 32% –36% Absolute lymphocytes 7.05 1.2–3.4 × 103/uL RDW 14.3% 11.5%–14.5% Absolute monocytes 0.93 0.1–0.6 × 103/uL Plt 325 × 109/L 150–450 × 109/L Absolute eosinophils 0 0–0.5 × 103/uL MPV 9.5 fL 7.4–10.4 fL Absolute basophils 0 0–0.2 × 103/uL Question: The patient’s symptoms of fever and painful, swollen lymph nodes are caused by what innate immune mechanisms? Explain your answer About 50% of patients with chronic viral infection develop splenomegaly. Based on what you know about the organs of the immune system, why would this condition develop? NOTE: please answer all questions. Thank you!
A 19-year-old male visits his primary care physician with a sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and extreme fatigue. During the visit, the nurse finds that he has a fever. The patient reports that he is attending his second year of college at a local university. The physician performs a physical examination, which confirms large, swollen, painful lymph nodes. He decides to send the patient to the office laboratory for blood work. He orders a complete blood count (CBC) and viral and bacterial studies.
|
Reference Range |
Reference Range |
||||
|
WBC |
13.3 × 103/uL |
4.8–10.8 × 103/uL |
Neutrophils |
40% |
60%–70% |
|
RBC |
4.5 × 109/L |
4.7–6.1 × 109/L |
Lymphocytes |
53% *20% of lymphocytes are atypical |
20%–30% |
|
Hgb |
14.1 g/dL |
14–18 g/dL |
Monocytes |
7% |
5%–10% |
|
Hct |
42% |
42%–52% |
Eosinophils |
0 |
0%–5% |
|
MCV |
92 fL |
80–100 fL |
Basophils |
0 |
0%–2% |
|
MCH |
27 pg |
27–31 pg |
Absolute neutrophils |
5.32 |
1.4–6.5 × 103/uL |
|
MCHC |
33% |
32% –36% |
Absolute lymphocytes |
7.05 |
1.2–3.4 × 103/uL |
|
RDW |
14.3% |
11.5%–14.5% |
Absolute monocytes |
0.93 |
0.1–0.6 × 103/uL |
|
Plt |
325 × 109/L |
150–450 × 109/L |
Absolute eosinophils |
0 |
0–0.5 × 103/uL |
|
MPV |
9.5 fL |
7.4–10.4 fL |
Absolute basophils |
0 |
0–0.2 × 103/uL |
Question:
- The patient’s symptoms of fever and painful, swollen lymph nodes are caused by what innate immune mechanisms? Explain your answer
- About 50% of patients with chronic viral infection develop splenomegaly. Based on what you know about the organs of the immune system, why would this condition develop?
NOTE: please answer all questions. Thank you!
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