A 3-m thick layer of saturated clay (two-way drainage) under a surcharge loading underwent 90% primary consolidation in 100 days. The laboratory test’s specimen will have two-way drainage. a. Find the coefficient of consolidation of clay for the pressure range. b. For a 25 mm. thick undisturbed clay specimen, how long will it take to under- go 80% consolidation in the laboratory for a similar pressure range?

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.