A center-pivot system is to irrigate the circular area of a square 64-ha level field. Peak water use is 6 mm/day, application efficiency is 75 %, and maximum operating time is 22 hours/day. Assume 161.6-mm inside diameter lateral (steel tube), 4-m lateral height, 3-m sprinkler spacing, 16 m wetted diameter with 30-m pressure at the distal end of the lateral. Determine the total discharge, pressure at the pivot, discharge of the distal sprinkler, and the peak application rate.

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Storm Sewers and Detention

The storm drains system transports rainwater or stormwater and other runoff from roads, parking lots, and roof downpipes directly to nearby creeks, rivers, or the sea without any treatment.