A free radicala. is a positively charged ion.b. is an atom with one unpaired electron in its outer shell.c. is a stable atom that is not bonded to another atom.d. can cause considerable cellular damage.e. both b and d.

Q: Chemical reactions in living organismsa. require energy to begin.b. usually require a catalyst to…

A: Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants are converted to one…

Q: Synthesis of proteins requires the input of energy, which can be provided by: a. enzymes b.…

A: Protein synthesis is a biological process occurring following transcription and translation of genes…

Q: In a spontaneous reaction: a. the products of the reaction have greater free energy than the…

A: The correct option is C the product of the reaction has less free energy than the reactants…

Q: One major difference between inorganic catalysts and organic catalysts is:   A. Inorganic…

A: Catalyst are the substance which increases the rate of reaction.  They may be of organic and…

Q: Compounds good at forming hydrogen bonds tend to O have low boiling points O be hydrophobic O have…

A: Introduction: Option 5 is correct.

Q: What is activation energy? a. The thermal energy associated with random movements of molecules…

A: Activation energy is the energy required to activate atoms during a reaction.  Lower activation…

Q: Which of the following is not true of enzymes? O They lower the free energy of the transition state.…

A: Enzymes are usually proteinaceous substances that act as catalysts for biological reactions. Hence,…

Q: A proteinaceous molecule that catalyzes chemical reactions without being changed itself is known as…

A: The proteins are the polymers of amino acids. It is composed of an amino group, a carboxyl group, a…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes? A. Made of protein B. Made of carbohydrates C. React…

A: Introduction:- Enzymes are also known as biological catalyst. These hasten up the speed of the…

Q: Which statement is CORRECT? * O All proteins are catalysts O All catalysts are proteins All enzymes…

A: Various biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates,lipids help in maintaining the biochemical…

Q: What happens to a molecule that is reduced during a chemical rxn?   a) gains an oxygen b) becomes…

A: During a chemical reaction, the reactant molecules undergo changes in their external electronic…

Q: The function of enzymes is to:a. accelerate reactions to change the final resultb. produce otherwise…

A: Enzymes are protein in nature (except-RNA acting as ribozyme). They are thermolabile and colloidal…

Q: What are enzymes? A. Enzymes are biological catalysts made up of amino acids O B. Enzymes are…

A: •Enzymes are biological catalysts •Enzymes are protein that help speed up metabolism  in human body.…

Q: Give the number of valance and core electrons for each. Valence electrons are from the group number.…

A: Valence electrons  are the one that occupies  the outermost shell or highest energy level of an atom…

Q: Enzymes are organic catalysts that (a) alter the direction in which a chemical reaction proceeds,…

A: An enzyme refers to a protein that is produced by living cells. It is highly specific to the…

Q: Anabolic reactions may be characterized as: exergonic breaking large molecules into smaller…

A: The answer is “forming large molecules from small molecules”

Q: Energy is released reactants This graph shows an reaction. AG < 0 products Time Gibbs Free Energy

A: The chemical reactions involve the exchange of energy. The reaction can either absorb or release…

Q: Which of the following is true of the molecule pictured below? A) It will spontaneously form into…

A: Triglycerides are the molecules composed of long chains of three fatty acids attached to a Glycerol…

Q: A chemical reaction has a Q10 of 3. Which rates characterize this reaction? a   A rate of 9 at…

A: The rate of a chemical reaction is dependant on various factors such as temperature. The reaction…

Q: A group of students is conducting a lab investigation on a chemical reaction. An enzyme is present…

A: Enzymes are the biocatalyst and made up of protein molecules that perform the conversion of a…

Q: A chemical reaction that has a negative AG is best described as a Exothermic. b Endergonic. c…

A: The change in Gibbs free energy, ΔG depends upon the change in enthalpy(ΔH) and entropy(ΔS). ΔGo =…

Q: The following illustration shows a sequence of reactions at equilibrium: Which molecule has the…

A: Introduction  When small, externally generated displacements from an equilibrium result in forces…

Q: Which of the following is correct regarding ATP?a. It is an amino acid.b. It has a helical…

A: The macromolecules that are necessary for life are produced from smaller organic molecules. The four…

Q: Chemical reactions that take place in living systems include A.   Neutralization reaction B.…

A: several enzymatic reactions are occurring inside the cell to perform several metabolic and catabolic…

Q: Concerning antioxidants, which one of the following statements is true? a. free radicals, reduce…

A: A free radical is characterized as a molecule that contains at least one unpaired electron and is…

Q: reducing chemical reaction ________.   a. removes a hydrogen atom from the substrate   b. adds…

A: A reducing chemical reaction is adding an electron to the substrate

Q: A molecule that loses an electron to a free radicala. becomes more stable.b. becomes electrically…

A: A molecule is generally formed by the chemical bonding of two or more atoms. The smallest particle…

Q: In terms of electron sharing between atoms, compare nonpolarcovalent bonds, polar covalent bonds,…

A: An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter and it comprises three subatomic particles,…

Q: Which of the following reactions would decrease the entropy within a cell?   A) anabolic reaction…

A: Entropy is nothing but energy decrease in entropy means usage of energy, increase in entropy means…

Q: Would you expect the products of an endergonic reaction to be more stable than the reactants? a.…

A: A reaction in which the energy is absorbed, is known as an Endergonic reaction. In this type of…

Q: This is an  _____ reaction since energy must be added to create product The potential energy of the…

A: In an endothermic reaction, heat is supplied to the system from surroundings, and work is not…

Q: An atom that can donate electrons during a reaction is calleda. an oxidizing agentb. a reducing…

A: during an ionic reaction, the elements with valence electrons 1,2, or 3, can donate electrons to its…

Q: The 6C14 can be substituted for 6C12 in chemical reactions in a cell because it has: (It's not…

A: Carbon is an element abbreviated as C with atomic number 6. It belongs to the 14th group in the…

Q: Which of the statement is true regarding equilibrium? The rate of the forward reaction exceeds the…

A: Equilibrium is a stage of constant in which there is no net change in the amount of reactant and…

Q: Using this chemical equation: 3Na+AlCl3->3NaCl+Al If 16 g Na and 8 g AlCl3 are allowed to react,…

A: A reagent that is exhausted completely in the reaction to form products is called a limiting…

Q: Oxygen is reduced - gains H atoms (protons and electrons)  and is converted to _____

A: Oxidation- reduction reaction is also called as redox reactions. It is a type of chemical reaction…

Q: hich of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? A. Enzymes decrease the free energy…

A: Enzymes are the biological catalysts. It is a type of protein found within a cell. Enzymes HELP IN…

Q: Carbons is used in cells for  a) forming the charge across the membrane by serving a positive…

A: Cell mass - Composed of elements present in nature out of which carbon is a very important element.

Q: The slight positive charge of a hydrogen atom in one water molecule is drawn to the slight negative…

A: Opposite charges attract one another.

Q: me following illustration shows a sequence of reactions at equilibrium: the reaction A => B would be…

A: Chemical equilibrium exists in reversible reactions only. At equilibrium, the rate of the forward…

Q: the loss of electrons by one atom or molecule to another a. oxidation b. reduction c. catalysis…

A: Oxidation is defined as the loss of electron from atoms Reduction is defined as the Gain of electron…

Q: What is the effect of a catalyst on a reaction? O It increases the rate. O It decreases the entropy.…

A: A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by providing an alternate route to the reaction process…

Q: A) O The complete breakdown of glucose to CO2 and water. B) OA molecule moving down its…

A: Reactions with a negative ∆G release energy, which means that they can proceed without an energy…

Q: The statement that is not true about enzymes is... A. works optimally if it is in accordance with…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that aid in the speeding up of chemical reactions. Proteins called…

Q: 23. Letter 'C' corresponds to A. reactants. B. free energy change. C. activation energy. D.…

A: The catalysis of reaction involves the reaction of enzyme and substrate molecule, which helps to…

Q: which of the following are true regarding chemical equilibrium (choose all that are true)  a.…

A: When the concentration of both reactant and product is the same in the chemical reaction, it is…

Q: Which of the following best describes the process of Dissociation? A.  the breaking of covalent…

A: Ionic bond is produced by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom.…

Q: In agricultural areas, farmers pay close attention to theweather forecast. Right before a predicted…

A: Due to overnight freeze ice forms on the surface of plants that quickly freezes the water molecules…

Q: A molecule that donates electrons becomes____ , and the one that accepts the electrons becomes_____…

A: Redox reaction consist oxidation and reduction reaction. Photosynthesis is an excellent example of…