A researcher hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have a higher life satisfaction. She also hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have better financial satisfaction as adults. Finally, she believes that people with better financial satisfaction as adults will have better life satisfaction as adults. Sketch out a diagram of this conceptual model to support her argument, including “+” or “-” to indicate the direction of relationships. Indicate which variable is a mediator, and also indicate whether we are hypothesizing a positive or negative indirect effec

A researcher hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have a higher life satisfaction. She also hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have better financial satisfaction as adults. Finally, she believes that people with better financial satisfaction as adults will have better life satisfaction as adults. Sketch out a diagram of this conceptual model to support her argument, including “+” or “-” to indicate the direction of relationships. Indicate which variable is a mediator, and also indicate whether we are hypothesizing a positive or negative indirect effec

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) consists of 20 industrialized countries. For these nations, the prediction equation relating y = child poverty rate (in percentage points) to x = social expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) is = 22-1.3x. In 2000, the actual child poverty rate ranged from 2.8% (in Finland) to 21.9% (in the U.S.). Social expenditure as a percentage of GDP ranged from 2% (in the United States) to 16% (in Denmark). Using the linear prediction equation and plugging in the actual x-values (social expenditure rates) provided above, find the predicted child poverty rates for the United States and for Denmark. The x-values for both of these countries are provided above in the description of the study. (Note: You do not need to convert the percentages into proportions before or after plugging them into the equation.) The predicted child poverty rate for the U.S.: The predicted child poverty rate for Denmark:
A researcher is examining the effect of neighborhood crime-watch efforts have on the crime rate in those neighborhoods, but he is not sure what direction the relationship might be; neighborhoods with high crime rates might have more crime watch efforts that are an attempt to address the high level of crime, or neighborhoods with high crime rates may have fewer crime watch efforts, which might explain why they have so much crime. The appropriate hypothesis test would be:
Having a brother increases one's monthly earnings by $200." Why is this an example of an incomplete causal statement?
An economist believes there is a linear relationship between the marketprice of a particular commodity and the number of units suppliers of thecommodity are willing to bring to the marketplace. Two sampleobservations indicate that when the price equals $15 per unit, the weekly supply equals 30,000 units; and when the price equals $20 per unit, theweekly supply equals 48,000 units (i) If price per unit, p, is plotted on the horizontal axis and the quantitysupplied q is plotted on the vertical axis, determine the slope-intercept formof the equation of the line which passes through these two points.(ii) Interpret the slope of the equation in this application.(iii) Predict the weekly supply if the market price equals $25 per unit.
If the data analyst hypothesizes that grocery sales are higher when payment is made using credit cards compared to cash payment, the null hypothesis would likely state that grocery sales are lower when payment is made using credit cards compared to cash payment. T/F
The ABC corporation is opening new retail sales outlets and they want to staff these stores with employees most likely to be successful at selling the products. To meet this goal, ABC decides to study the sales staff at existing stores to determine if intelligence and extroversion (i.e., a friendly and outgoing personality) predict sales performance of current employees. ABC's logic is that if intelligence and extroversion predicts sales performance, then a good strategy for new stores is to hire intelligent extroverts for the sales positions. To conduct the study, all current retail sales employees at existing stores take psychological tests designed to measure intelligence and extroversion. Also, past sales performance data is checked for each employee. In the end, there are three scores for each sales person: 1. an intelligence score (on a scale of 50-low intelligence to 150-high intelligence), 2. an extroversion score (on a scale of 15-low extroversion to 30-high extroversion), and…
A manager wants to see if geographical region (Cape Town, Durban and Gauteng) is related with ownership of a tablet (“Have a tablet” and “No tablet”). Define the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. A. H1: Geographical region and ownership of a tablet are independent vs H0: No relationship exists between Geographical region and ownership of a tablet B. H0: Geographical region and ownership of a tablet are independent vs H1: A relationship exists between Geographical region and ownership of a tablet C. H1: Geographical region and ownership of a tablet are independent vs H0: Geographical region is dependent on ownership of a tablet D. H0: A relationship exists between Geographical region and ownership of a tablet vs H1: No relationship exists between Geographical region and ownership of a tablet
The figure below shows a social network where the nodes represent social media influencers,and the lines are the cost of investing in promoting digital links between the nodes. However,for the brand to remain viral, your client, which is a digital advertising firm needs to maintain aconnection between influencers number 1 and 12 through other influencers. a. If you wish to recommend your client to choose the digital route from influencer 1 toinfluencer 12, which route would you recommend to your client and why? Pleasedemonstrate your results through any optimization.b. Using the same Figure 1 above but this time the node represents a project undertakingand arcs represent the expected profit (in million £) after completing one project andstarting another, what would be the ideal project sequence to maximise the company’sprofit?Note: For instance, selecting path Node 1 to Node 2 denotes “after completing project 1and starting project 2, the firm expects to gain a profit of £2…
Twenty different statistics students are randomly selected. For each of them, their body temperature (°C) is measured and their head circumference (cm) is measured. If it is found that r=0,does that indicate that there is no association between these two variables? Choose the correct answer below. A. No, because r does not measure the strength of the relationship, only its direction. B. No, because if r=0, the variables are in a perfect linear relationship. C. Yes, because if r=0, the variables are completely unrelated. D. No, because while there is no linear correlation, there may be a relationship that is not linear.
Economists, Angrist and Lavy (1999) exploited an 800 year-old rule regarding classroom size to estimate the causal effect of smaller classes on student achievement. The rule, made famous by 12th century scholar Maimonides, states that one teacher is sufficient to manage a class with up to 40 students. Classes with more than 40 students will require 2 teachers. Angrist and Lavy noticed that strict application of this rule in certain areas meant that if 80 students were enrolled in a school, then the school would divide them up into two groups of 40 students per teacher. If 81 students were enrolled, however, they would be placed in three classes of 27 students each. The rule thus generated sharp discontinuities in class sizes within schools, which, the authors argue, allow them to provide causal evidence of a boost in fifth grade math and reading scores as a result of smaller class size. a. What research design is implied by the authors’ use of Maimonides’ rule to estimate the causal…
The relationship between the independent variable (IV) and the dependent variable (DV) is likely to be mediated by a third variable (MV). With regard to the statement above, which of the following is most likely to be correct? A IV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the formative assessment; DV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the summative assessment, and MV = Students’ level of comfort with the venue of the assessments B IV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the summative assessment; DV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the formative assessment, and MV = Students’ level of preparation for the assessments. C IV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the formative assessment; DV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the summative assessment, and MV = Students’ level of preparation for the assessments D IV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the summative assessment; DV = Students’ performance (i.e., marks) in the formative assessment,…
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) consists of 20 industrialized countries. For these nations, the prediction equation relating y = child poverty rate (in percentage points) to x = social expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) is = 22-1.3x. In 2000, the actual child poverty rate ranged from 2.8% (in Finland) to 21.9% (in the U.S.). Social expenditure as a percentage of GDP ranged from 2% (in the United States) to 16% (in Denmark). What is the residual for the United States? You can use the information on the actual y-value given in the description of the study as well as information from your response to Question 3 to calculate this. Residual for the U.S. =