A woman was recently discovered to have lived her entire life (over 20 years) without a cerebellum. What deficits would you expect her to have and why? What traits of the brain allowed her to live a normal life anyway?

A woman was recently discovered to have lived her entire life (over 20 years) without a cerebellum. What deficits would you expect her to have and why? What traits of the brain allowed her to live a normal life anyway?

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter13: Anatomy Of The Nervous System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ILQ: Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/braindevel) to examine the development of the...

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Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/basalnuclei2) to learn about the basal nuclei (also known as the basal ganglia), which have two pathways that process information within the cerebrum. As shown in this video, the indirect pathway is the longer pathway through the system that results in decreased activity in the cerebral cortex, and therefore less motor activity. The indirect pathway has an extra couple of connections in it, including disinhibition of the subthalamic nucleus. What is the end result on the thalamus, and therefore on movement initiated by the cerebral cortex?
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/basalnuclei1) to learn about the basal nuclei (also known as the basal ganglia), which have two pathways that process information within the cerebrum. As shown in this video, the direct pathway is the shorter pathway through the system that results in increased activity in the cerebral cortex and increased motor activity. The direct pathway is described as resulting in disinhibition of the thalamus. What does disinhibition mean? What are the two neurons doing individually to cause this?
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/braindevel) to examine the development of the brain, starting with the neural tube. As the anterior end of the neural tube develops, it enlarges into the primary vesicles that establish the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Those structures continue to develop throughout the rest of embryonic development and into adolescence. They are the basis of the structure of the fully developed adult brain. How would you describe the difference in the relative sizes of the three regions of the brain when comparing the early (25th embryonic day) brain and the adult brain?
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/whitematter) to learn about the white matter in the cerebrum that develops during childhood and adolescence. This is a composite of MRI images taken of the brains of people from 5 years of age through 20 years of age, demonstrating how the cerebrum changes. As the color changes to blue, the ratio of gray matter to white matter changes. The caption for the video describes it as less gray matter, which is another way of saying more white matter. If the brain does not finish developing until approximately 20 years of age, can teenagers be held responsible for behaving badly?
44. Which of these refers to Parkinson’s disease?* A. Head nodding and a “pill rolling” movement of the fingers B. Wild jerky, and almost continuous flapping movement C. Have seizures, intellectually disabled or impaired hearing or vision D. None of the above 45 . Pia mater is the outermost covering of the brain. Dura mater innermost covering of the brain.* A. First statement is true. Second statement is false. B. First statement is false. Second statement is true. C. Both statements are true. D. Both statements are false. 46. Which of these is NOT controlled by medulla oblongata?* A. Blood pressure B. Heart rate C. Body temperature D. None of the above
09. Nursing Question. Discuss briefly Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development?
15. A child presents with hypotonia and seizures. It was confirmed to be cerebrohepatorenal syndrome. Which of the following is accumulated in the brain in cerebrohepatorenal syndrome? A. Long chain fatty acid B. Glucose C. Lactic acid D. Triglycerides
Cognition, Mental and Emotional Function Case Study Scenario: A 68 year old female client is brought by her daughet to a health clinic. The daughter states that her mother has been leaving the house lights on and the front door open most of the time, and forgetting where she placed her keys, or the direction to where she's driving. On several occassions, she has lost her way while walking in the park, as her usual exercise. She keeps asking the same question and tells the same story repeatedly. She has also lost interest in her usual activities and volunteer work. The following questions will assist the nursing student in the assessment of this client suspected for Alzheimer's disease. 1.) Describe the conduct of the visual perception and construction ability tests. 2.) Give examples of testing the client's judgement and abstract reasoning. 3.) What significant information should be included in a mini mental status exam of this client?
Cognition, Mental and Emotional Function Case Study Scenario: A 68 year old female client is brought by her daughet to a health clinic. The daughter states that her mother has been leaving the house lights on and the front door open most of the time, and forgetting where she placed her keys, or the direction to where she's driving. On several occassions, she has lost her way while walking in the park, as her usual exercise. She keeps asking the same question and tells the same story repeatedly. She has also lost interest in her usual activities and volunteer work. The following questions will assist the nursing student in the assessment of this client suspected for Alzheimer's disease. 1.) How will you test the client's thought content and process? 2.) What elements in the orientation test will you include when assessing this client? 3.) Describe the types and methods of conducting a memory test. 4.) Give common methods of testing the client's concentration and calculation skill.
In the past, aspiring London taxicab drivers underwent a rigorous education that required them to learn the location of about 25,000 streets in the city. The average posterior hippocampus of London cabbies, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging, was larger than that in a comparable group of London bus operators, who follow a fixed route and so do not have to learn a detailed map of the city (Maguire et al. 2000). In addition, the more years of taxi driving, the larger the posterior hippocampus (Maguire et al. 2006). What does this research tell us about the interplay of the environment and genetics in the development of adaptive navigational skills in human beings? Please don't write from any online source.
15. Information flow goes directly from the —— to the -—— a. Amygdala, hippocampus b. Entorhinal cortex, subiculum c. Hippocampus, septal nucleus d. All of the above
Describe the changes in cognitive functioning throughout adulthood. Please provide examples such as experiments or research studies for this.