Could you, Please solve the fourth question X Histogran Ox CognitioLu Jail 6X DB2 4_BX A2Asymn 6Lily (A) Ox Settingsx Videos oX Mail - buX Inbox (46M.x l u all MC:/Users/bebo2/Downloads/A2AsymmetricCryptography.pdf | alo OQuestion 4:Consider the following cryptosystems and determine which security service(s) (e.g.Authentication, Integrity...etc) they provide where Ek is the encryptionprocess using the key K, M is the plain message, K is the shared secret key, Kpub isthe public key, Kpriv is the private key and and H is the hash.а. Екриь (М)b. M| H(K|M)с. М| H(М)d. EK(M | H(K|M)е. Екриь (М) | Екрriv(H(М))عرض الكلWhatsApp Image.jpegWhatsApp Image.jpegENG E Aull lia isI p

Confidentiality : The assurance that a message has not been read by anyone other than the intended…

Answered: а. Екриь(М) b. M| H(K|M) с. М| Н(М) d.…

Engineering

Computer Science

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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On Groundhog Day, the groundhog randomly chooses and sends one of two possible messages: m0 = SIXMOREWEEKSOFWINTER m1 = SPRINGARRIVESINMARCH. To add to the mystery, the groundhog encrypts the message using one of the following methods: shift cipher, Vigenère cipher with key length 4 (using four distinct shifts), one-time pad. For each of the following ciphertexts, determine which encryption methods could have produced that ciphertext, and for each of these possible encryption methods, decrypt the message or explain why it is impossible to decrypt. a. ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST b. UKZOQTGYGGMUQHYKPVGT c. UQUMPHDVTJYIUJQQCSFL.
Cryptographic Data ObjectsB has just received the following message, which represents a cryptographic data object:{({(KPbB)KPrS mod KPbS}K1,{|(NB, NA, {{({K2}KPbB, NS)}(G1)KPrA mod NA}K1, {|{({G3}(KPbA)KPrS mod KPbS, G2)}K1|}KPrB)|}KPrA)}KBSThe following explains various terms in this object and some of the abbreviations used:• {M}K represents the encryption of some message/data M using the key K• {|M|}K represents the digital signing of some message/data M using the key K• NX represents a nonce (i.e. a fresh and possibly random number used once only) generatedby X• KpbX represents the public part of the key pair presumably owned by X• KprX represents the private part of the key pair presumably owned by X• KAB represents a symmetric key shared between A and B• K (or K1, K2, K3 etc.) represents some arbitrary key with no assumptions about its scope• M represents some alphanumeric/textual message with no assumptions• G1, G2, G3 etc. are prime numbersWhich of the following sets of keys,…
CSC 385 –Assignment 4 –Faster SortingAlgorithms .This problem is taken from a hackerrank programming challenge. The problem is tagged as having medium difficulty in hacker rank:(https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/fraudulent-activity-notifications) Problem Description—Fraud DetectionHackerLand National Bank has a simple policy for warning clients about possiblefraudulent account activity. If the amount spent by a client on a particular day is greaterthan or equal to 2 ×the client's medianspending for the last d days, they send the client a notification about potential fraud. The bank doesn't send the client any notificationsuntil they have at least d prior days of transaction data.Given the value of d and a client's total daily expenditures for a period of n days (where n>d) write amethod which returns the number of times the client will receive a notification over all days.Note: Your algorithm time efficiency should not exceed O(nd) where n is the total number of daily…
This problem uses a real-world example of a symmetric cipher, from an old U.S. Special Forces manual (public domain). The document, filename Special Forces.pdf, is available at box.com/CompSec4e. a. Using the two keys (memory words) cryptographic and network security, encrypt the following message:Be at the third pillar from the left outside the lyceum theatre tonight at seven. If you are distrustful bring two friends. Make reasonable assumptions about how to treat redundant letters and excess letters in the memory words and how to treat spaces and punctuation. Indicate what your assumptions are.Note: The message is from the Sherlock Holmes novel The Sign of Four. Decrypt the ciphertext. Show your work. Comment on when it would be appropriate to use this technique and what its advantages are
Bitcoin mining is also known as proof-of-work because in order to create a valid block, the miner has to spent a significant amount of computational work to figure out a nonce. Therefore, that the hash of the nonce and the block to be proposed is adequately small. Which of the following is NOT a reason to include proof-of-work in the designs of permissionless blockchains? 1. To randomly select nodes in proportion to their computing power. 2. To make mining so costly that miners have incentives to not create invalid blocks. 3. To make it impossible for one miner to act like many different miners. 4. To allow nodes to compete for the right to create blocks
We know that RSA works with numbers. Assume we want to encrypt the plaintextM=“ComputerSecurity”. We know we should use the following formula: C=Me mod N inwhich (e,N) is the public key. But before using this formula, at first, we should convert Minto a number. To do so, there are different solutions. Search the Internet and explain oneof them. Show different steps of the selected solution on the given plaintextM=“ComputerSecurity” as an example. Consider padding as well.
1. Suppose that we use a substitution cipher to encrypt an English word, from which we obtain the ciphertext is “AUXXME”. Which of the following words is possibly the plaintext? (Hint: In a substitution cipher, we replace each letter of the plaintext with another letter) A. greedy B. funny C. secret D. cheese 2. Which of the following statements are incorrect? A. Cryptographic systems tend to involve both an algorithm and a secret value. B. To secure systems, it is more efficient to update algorithms than updating keys. C. Often a scheme can be made more secure by making the key longer. D. We can always change the key length to better secure systems, no matter using which cryptographic algorithms. E. In a secret-key cryptosystem, secret keys can be used for both encryption and decryption. 3. Which of the following statements are incorrect about a cryptographical hash function? A. The input size can be arbitrary and the output size is fixed B. Given the input, the output should…
Question # 3 Assume that Dominique and Pricilla agreed to use an auto key cipher with initial keyvalue k1 = 11. Now Dominique wants to send Pricilla the following message“THE CLASS IS CANCELLED”. Encrypt the message before transmitting it over the Internet Remember: i need a Mathematics solution not computer program You must show all the steps of your work
Suppose Alice and Bob store their RSA public keys in a file on a server. Theycommunicate regularly using authenticated and confidential messages. Eve wants to readthe messages but is unable to crack the RSA private keys of Alice and Bob. However, Eve canbreak into the server and alter the file containing Alice’s and Bob’s public keys.a. How should Eve alter that file so that she can read confidential messages sent fromBob to Alice?b. How might Alice and/or Bob detect Eve’s subversion of the public keys?
Code 1: Caesar Cipher You Need a Caesar Cipher to Crack This Code. (Key = 11) LWW STD ACZAPCETPD, NLXP FAZY L XLDV, LY LOXTCLMWP TXTELETZY Code 2: Vigenere Square You Will Need to Use a Vigenere Square to Crack This Code. (Keyword: AESOP) a fwojtmxia hisr! nex ah xs sx bd vedit, aw ah tnxaftlc dorkw tfpirk. Code 3: Rail-Fence You Need a Rail-Fence Cipher to Crack this Code. (Key = 2) aoetrdhhuefncoadumgntruhfxneeteosoaatrnrmaighog Code 4: Enigma Use the Enigma Simulator to Crack this Code. Starting Rotor Position: IST YHNJLBSLFNUPIBJYQSNYRUBMOLYCDRUVCLRBGMBCVW Code 5: ???????? You’re On Your Own With This One. Crack The Code! BVSZF:Z NZUS NZTX UY VN FUGGFX CYX QUGRVCG YXOYX. Directions: Solve each line of ciphertext that have been encoded. When finished, the resulting lines of plaintext will form a secret message. Rearrange these lines of plaintext so that you can read the original message. (Hint: the resulting message will be a fable by a historical writer!) Note: Please…
1-Which asymmetric algorithm is used for establishing a shared key? A. Elliptic CurveB. PGPC. Diffie-HellmanD. RSA 2-What is used to create a message digest that will be attached to data at rest or in transit? Asymmetric algorithm Symmetric algorithm Encryption Hashing Non-repudiation Authentication 3- Which is the most secure method of exchanging secret keys?A. TextB. EmailC. PhoneD. Diplomatic BagsE. Asymmetric Algorithm
B has just received the following message, which represents a cryptographic data object:{({(KPbB)KPrS mod KPbS}K1,{|(NB, NA, {{({K2}KPbB, NS)}(G1)KPrA mod NA}K1, {|{({G3}(KPbA)KPrS mod KPbS, G2)}K1|}KPrB)|}KPrA)}KBSThe following explains various terms in this object and some of the abbreviations used:• {M}K represents the encryption of some message/data M using the key K• {|M|}K represents the digital signing of some message/data M using the key K• NX represents a nonce (i.e. a fresh and possibly random number used once only) generated by X• KpbX represents the public part of the key pair presumably owned by X• KprX represents the private part of the key pair presumably owned by X• KAB represents a symmetric key shared between A and B• K (or K1, K2, K3 etc.) represents some arbitrary key with no assumptions about its scope• M represents some alphanumeric/textual message with no assumptions• G1, G2, G3 etc. are prime numberswhich of the following sets of keys, nonces, numbers, and…