After reviewing the role of inflammation in the body’s response to infection, can you predict an undesirable consequence of taking anti-inflammatory drugs on a regular basis?
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Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits the formation of blood clots and is taken regularly by individuals with a heart condition. Steroids such as cortisol are used to control some autoimmune diseases and severe arthritis by down-regulating the inflammatory response. After reviewing the role of inflammation in the body’s response to infection, can you predict an undesirable consequence of taking anti-inflammatory drugs on a regular basis?
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- Aspirin is non steroidal anti inflammatory drug that inhibits the formation of blood clots and is taken regularly by individuals with a heart condition. Steroids such as cortisol are used to control some autoimmune diseases and severe arthritis by down regulating the inflammatory response. Can you predict an undesirable consequence of taking anti-inflammatory drugs on a regular basis?Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. All but one of the following occurs during the inflammatory response. Select the example below that does NOT describe the process of inflammation. a. Inflammation increases capillary permeability. b. Chemotaxis draws leucocytes to the site of injury. c. Vasoconstriction prevents excessive blood loss due to injury. d. Release of prostaglandins results in pain.Which of the following statements regarding inflammation is CORRECT? - The increase in temperature improves pathogen function - Increased vascular permeability helps immune cells access the site of infection quicker - Clotting increases immune cell access the site of infection - Vasodilation is not a characteristic of inflammation in any way
- Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation? a. inactivation of macrophages b. increased vascular permeability and edema c. vasodilation d. pain e. influx of leukocytes.In an immune response, what is the main function of the circulatory system? to produce inflammation and activate B cells to send chemical signals and transport immune cells to stimulate infected cells and release interferons to trap pathogens and attract phagocytesgive two terms that you can associate with inflammation, healing and repair
- Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID) that inhibits the formation of blood clots andis taken regularly by individuals with a heart condition.Steroids such as cortisol are used to control someautoimmune diseases and severe arthritis by downregulatingthe inflammatory response. After reading therole of inflammation in the body’s response to infection,can you predict an undesirable consequence of taking antiinflammatorydrugs on a regular basis?Which of the following are examples of maintaining homeostasis (more than one answer may be correct)? a. You develop diarrhea in response to contracting norovirus b. Sweating due to eating spicy food c. Kidneys removing excess fluid through urine d. Insulin is released in response to high blood sugar, causing cells to use more sugarDuring the chemotaxis phase of the inflammatory response,a. C-reactive protein is secreted by damaged parenchymal cells in the tissue, which attracts neutrophils, which secrete leukotrienes and prostaglandins to attract macrophages; a purulent exudate is formed.b. Band cells respond to hyperthermia by producing TNF-α and interleukins, which then cause a left shift that results in the accumulation of neutrophils within the tissue.c. Damaged parenchymal cells release prostaglandins and leukotrienes to attract macrophages, causing a left shift and the formation of a purulent exudate.d. Cytokines, such as TNF-α, are released by damaged parenchymal cells, while leukotrienes and prostaglandins produced by neutrophils cause smooth muscle constriction and the further accumulation of leukocytes.
- The early events of inflammation are characterized by all of the following except _____. a. vasodilation b. extravasation c. pain d. apoptosis e. increased vascular permeability f. chemotaxis.When macrophages in a tissue encounter bacteria, they release cytokines that induce an inflammatory response. These cytokines act on other immune cells, to recruit them to the site of infection and to enhance their activities. In addition, these cytokines act on the endothelial cells of the blood vessel wall to: Increase their permeability, allowing fluid and proteins to leak into the tissue Solidify the tight junctions to prevent the bacteria from entering the blood Proliferate, allowing the blood vessel to enlarge Up-regulate microbicidal mechanisms, so they can kill bacteria Secrete anti-microbial peptidesDuring a major infection, you often get a high fever because _____. a) your immune system signals the brain to raise your temperature to limit bacterial growth and speed up phagocytosis b) pathogens damage tissue throughout your body causing an extreme inflammatory response c) your low energy levels prevent the brain from maintaining a negative feedback loop that controls body temperature d) the bacteria in your body produce chemicals that cause the brain to raise you temperature to make the environment more suitable for bacterial growth
