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- Computer Networks - Internet Architecture & Application Layer Please answer the question Someone suggested to use a local file called hosts.txt on each machine instead of DNS. Discuss the advantages (at least 2) and disadvantages (at least 2) of such suggestion. What is ‘saw-tooth’ behavior in TCP, and what is causing it?UDP and TCP are the two transport-layer protocols provided by the TCP/IP software package (UDP).I Typically, applications such as VoIP, online gaming, and live audio streaming employ UDP connections instead of TCP connections. If the assertion is true, explain how well-known ports and registered port numbers vary in terms of port numbers.Transport layer foundational protocols TCP and UDP are TCP and UDP, respectively. Please explain why an application would be designed to utilise TCP as opposed to UDP. Give two (2) distinct examples.
- Computer Science What is the total number of addresses in IPv6 address scheme (give your answer in comma separated actual numeric value)? Give examples of IPv6 address types: a unicast address, a multicast address, a loopback address, and an unspecified address (e.g., when host does not have an address assigned).Computer Science Networks and should be done in C language. Create a UDP client and server program that not only is able to locally transfer files but it gives the client the ability to send multiple copies of the file to multiple servers. Once the server program is initiated, it waits until it receives client packets. It then reads and saves the payload of the packets. The client reads a file from the disk and sends it to each server over a UDP socket by breaking the file up into mtu-byte sized packets. Client needs to be concurrent in sending the packets to all of the servers using threads7.1 In IEEE 802.11, open system authentication is accomplished via a simple two-way communication. The client requests authentication, which includes the station ID, which is provided by the server (typically the MAC address). A successful or unsuccessful authentication response from the AP/router is received in response to the previous request from the client. For instance, if the client's MAC address has been expressly omitted from the AP/router setup, a failure may occur.a. What are the advantages of using this kind of authentication scheme?b. What are the security flaws in this authentication method and how may they be mitigated?
- Computer Networking Assignment No.6 The IPv4 address is 32 bit, which allows to allocate 232 addresses. IPv4 present two level addressing hierarchy i.e. network number and host number. Each network interface is identified with one or more unique addresses. Two level addressing hierarchy is convenient but wasteful of the address space. If a organization is large or if its computers are geographically dispersed, it makes good sense to divide network into smaller ones, connected together by routers. The benefits for doing things this way include. 1. Reduced network traffic 2. Optimized network performance 3. Simplified network management 4. Facilities spanning large geographical distances. . If Network Information Center (NIC) assign only one network address to an organization which having multiple network, that organization has a problem. A single network address can be used to refer to multiple physical networks. An organization can request individual network address for each one of its…IPv4’s ARP and IPv6’s Neighbor Solicitation both map an address from one space to another. In this respect they are similar. However, there are several differences. In what major ways do they differ?Explain the OSI model and its seven layers. Provide examples of protocols that operate at each layer.
- Explain the concept of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and its seven layers. Give examples of protocols that operate at each layer.4c. Draw table for IP address classes with the requirements given below Class Leading bits Total no of addres in class Starting address Ending address.49. A security issue in the transport layer occurs when:a.the checksum algorithm detects an errorb.The information becomes corrupted by non-transmission errorc.a virus is spreadd. the packet is lost in transmission