and (c) 2 m3/sec for 6 months: (i) If the site is developed as a run-of-river type of plant, without storage, determine the standby capacity to be provided. Assume that overall efficiency of the plant is 85%. (ii) If a reservoir is arranged upstream, will any standby unit be necessary, and what is the excess power?
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- Through water diversion from a tributary of the Vaal River drainage system, a rectangular prismatic canal of dimensions 3 m depth and the width is 300% of the depth has been proposed. The canal is in concrete -finished and is intended to service a small community. The discharge in the canal is assumed to be 0.36 Megaliter/min. Calculate total energy, energy grade line, hydraulic grade line at the start of the diversion point if its elevation is 1400 mThe area of the reservoir is 1.5 km2 with an open evaporation of 85 cm/year. Assume that the average evapotranspiration from the catchment is 70 cm/year,estimate the average annual discharge from the outlet of the reservoir in m3/second? (Kindly explain all your working step by step)Determine the total energy production of a run-of-river plant having an total efficiency of 85%. It receives flow by means of a penstock, 400m long with 1.2m diameter, and f=0.015 in Darcy-Weisbach equation. The available head is 200m and seasonal fluctuations of upstream and downstream water levels are ignored. The flow duration data are tabulated as below.
- Two reservoirs A and B have elevations of 250 m and 100 m, respectively. It is connected by a pipe having adiameter of 250 mm and a length of 100 m. A turbine, with an efficiency of 0.95, which is installed at a point inbetween A and B, is used to supply 233 kW of electric power to a nearby community. If the total head loss as watertravelled from reservoir A to B is 25 m, determine the discharge inside the pipe in liters per second.The flow of river is 750 ft3/sec and site is 100 ft. It is desired to developed a maximum capacity of site with the installation of 2 turbines, one of which is twice the capacity of the other. The efficiency of both units is assumed to be85%. Determine:a) Rotative speed of each unit. b) Turbine Horsepower (THP)l. The diversion requirement of a 5-ha farm was estimated to be 10mm/day during peak periods. If the pumping plant has a 60% efficiency, how many kilowatt-hour energy is required to lift water 5 meters?
- A pipeline leads from one reservoir to another which has a water surface 10 m lower.For a discharge of 1.0 m^3/s, determine the head loss kW.i need help with this please Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits andvegetables from 30 to 5°C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under thefollowing conditions:The unit will be of flood type, which will cool the productsas they are conveyed into the channel filled with water. Theproducts will be dropped into the channel filled with water atone end and be picked up at the other end. The channel can beas wide as 3 m and as high as 90 cm. The water is to be circulated and cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigerationsystem. The refrigerant temperature inside the coils is to be–2°C, and the water temperature is not to drop below 1°C andnot to exceed 6°C.Assuming reasonable values for the average product density,specific heat, and porosity (the fraction of air volume in abox), recommend reasonable values for (a) the water velocitythrough the channel and (b) the refrigeration capacity of therefrigeration system.The discharge end of a 2.5km long distribution pipe is 15m below the surface of the reservoir. The pipe is 600mm in diameter and has a friction factor of 0.02. Compute the discharge of the pipe if minor loss is 10% of the major loss.
- The crest of a spillway dam is located 78 m above the platform of the dissipation tank located downstream. The slope height is 9.20 m and the maximum flow reaches 195 m3/s per crest meter. Dimension the type dissipating tank for these conditions.The area of the reservoir in problem 4 is 3.0km2 . The plant supplies a load of 12MW for 3h. Calculate the fall in the level of the reservoir during this period.During a storm event, the measured discharge of the river to a reservoir is 58 cu. m. per sec (cms). If the rate of increase of the level of the reservoir is 1.4x10-4 m/s, determine the rate of discharge (in cms) of the reservoir to the intake tower for the purpose of water supply? Assume average surface area of the reservoir is 10 Ha.