Both the Principle of Optimality (Optimal Substructure) and Insufficient Overlapping Subproblems are valid inputs for dynamic programming. To see how difficult it is to meet these two criteria, consider the case of All-Pairs Shortest Paths.

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Introduction to Greedy Algorithm

A greedy algorithm is a problem-solving method that makes the locally optimal selection at every stage to reach a globally optimal solution. It solves a problem in two stages: Scanning the list of items and Optimization. However, in most problems, the greedy algorithm fails to provide a globally optimal solution.