Carbonhydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are considered nutrients. Which nutrient requires the least amount of ATP 'Investment' for hydrolysis, yet , yields a maximum amount of ATP? a. proteins since the cell spend most of its time making proteins b. fats through a process known as Beta-Oxidation c. carbohydrates,particularly under aerobic conditions d.vitamins(as coenzymes) e.minerals

Carbonhydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals are considered nutrients. Which nutrient requires the least amount of ATP 'Investment' for hydrolysis, yet , yields a maximum amount of ATP? a. proteins since the cell spend most of its time making proteins b. fats through a process known as Beta-Oxidation c. carbohydrates,particularly under aerobic conditions d.vitamins(as coenzymes) e.minerals

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter4: How Cells Obtain Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13RQ: Beta oxidation is ______. a. the breakdown of sugars b. the assembly of sugars c. the breakdown of...

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What must occur before a fatty acid can be metabolized by cellular respiration? A)The fatty acids must be linked to glycerol and form a neutral fat. B)The fatty acid must be broken down into acetic acid, a two-carbon molecule. C)The fatty acid chain must be broken down into three-carbon molecules, pyruvic acid. D)The fatty acid must be broken down into amino acids before they can enter the Krebs cycle.
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After strenuous exercise, you may notice that your muscles burn and feel sore the next day. Which statement best explains this phenomenon? (a) Proteins in muscle cells are being digested to provide energy. (b) Carbon dioxide is building up in muscle cells and changing their pH. (c) Spontaneous combustion occurs during strenuous exercise, so avoid it at all costs! (d) ATP is accumulating in muscle cells, causing a burning sensation. (e) Without adequate oxygen, muscle cells are fermenting pyruvate into lactic acid.
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How much energy would be generated in the cells of a person who consumed a diet of pyruvate instead of glucose? Contrast the energy production of a high carbohydrate diet.
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Cyanide makes a bond to cytochrome in the electron transport chain located in the mitochondria, rendering the electron transport chain useless. The cyanide ingestion in death due to which of the following? a) Starvation, due to an inability to create glucose.b) Build up of lactic acid.c) Inability to take in oxygen through the lungs.d) Cellular death from lack of energy.
In the Alanine Cycle, different organs work together to produce glucose from protein. Which statement below best describes what happens in which organ? a)In liver, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the muscle, alanine is deaminated and pyruvate is used for ATP synthesis. b)In muscle, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the liver, alanine is deaminated and pyruvate is used for gluconeogenesis. c)The liver exports glucose for use by the brain; in the muscle, alanine is deaminated by the urea cycle for use in ATP generation. d)In muscle, pyruvate is transaminated to alanine; in the liver, alanine enters the urea cycle for excretion.
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