2. Let G be a group. Recall from Homework 4 Supplementary Problem 1 that thecenter of G is defined to beZ(G) = { a = G | ag = ga for all g = G}.(a) Show that if X C G is a generating set for G, thenZ(G) = { a G | ax = xa for all x € X}.(b) Find the centers of Sn, Dn, and GLn. (Hint for GLn: There is a theorem fromlinear algebra that every invertible matrix can be written as a product of ele-mentary matrices. In other words, GLn is generated by elementary matrices.)

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Answered: center of G is defined to be Z(G) = {a…

Elements Of Modern Algebra

8th Edition

ISBN:9781285463230

Author:Gilbert, Linda, Jimmie

Publisher:Gilbert, Linda, Jimmie

Chapter4: More On Groups

Section4.6: Quotient Groups

Problem 17E

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In Exercises 3 and 4, let be the octic group in Example 12 of section 4.1, with its multiplication table requested in Exercise 20 of the same section. Let be the subgroup of the octic group . Find the distinct left cosets of in , write out their elements, partition into left cosets of , and give . Find the distinct right cosets of in , write out their elements, and partition into right cosets of . Example 12 Using the notational convention described in the preceding paragraph, we shall write out the dihedral group of rigid motions of a square The elements of the group are as follows: 1. the identity mapping 2. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 3. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 4. the counterclockwise rotation through about the center 5. the reflection about the horizontal line 6. the reflection about the diagonal 7. the reflection about the vertical line 8. the reflection about the diagonal . The dihedral group of rigid motions of the square is also known as the octic group. The multiplication table for is requested in Exercise 20 of this section.
In Exercises 3 and 4, let G be the octic group D4=e,,2,3,,,, in Example 12 of section 4.1, with its multiplication table requested in Exercise 20 of the same section. Let H be the subgroup e, of the octic group D4. Find the distinct left cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, partition D4 into left cosets of H, and give [D4:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, and partition D4 into right cosets of H. Example 12 Using the notational convention described in the preceding paragraph, we shall write out the dihedral group D4 of rigid motions of a square The elements of the group D4 are as follows: 1. the identity mapping e=(1) 2. the counterclockwise rotation =(1,2,3,4) through 900 about the center O 3. the counterclockwise rotation 2=(1,3)(2,4) through 1800 about the center O 4. the counterclockwise rotation 3=(1,4,3,2) through 2700 about the center O 5. the reflection =(1,4)(2,3) about the horizontal line h 6. the reflection =(2,4) about the diagonal d1 7. the reflection =(1,2)(3,4) about the vertical line v 8. the reflection =(1,3) about the diagonal d2. The dihedral group D4=e,,2,3,,,, of rigid motions of the square is also known as the octic group. The multiplication table for D4 is requested in Exercise 20 of this section.
Let G be the group and H the subgroup given in each of the following exercises of Section 4.4. In each case, is H normal in G? Exercise 3 b. Exercise 4 c. Exercise 5 d. Exercise 6 e. Exercise 7 f. Exercise 8 Section 4.4 Let H be the subgroup e, of the octic group D4. Find the distinct left cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, partition D4 into left cosets of H, and give [D4:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, and partition D4 into right cosets of H. Let H be the subgroup e, of the octic group D4. Find the distinct left cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, partition D4 into left cosets of H, and give [D4:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, and partition D4 into right cosets of H. Let H be the subgroup e, of the octic group D4. Find the distinct left cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, partition D4 into left cosets of H, and give [D4:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in D4, write out their elements, and partition D4 into right cosets of H. Let H be the subgroup (1),(2,3) of S3. Find the distinct left cosets of H in S3, write out their elements, partition S3 into left cosets of H, and give [S3:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in S3, write out their elements, and partition S3 into right cosets of H. In Exercises 7 and 8, let G be the multiplicative group of permutation matrices I3,P3,P32,P1,P4,P2 in Example 6 of Section 3.5 Let H be the subgroup of G given by H=I3,P4={ (100010001),(001010100) }. Find the distinct left cosets of H in G, write out their elements, partition G into left cosets of H, and give [G:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in G, write out their elements, and partition G into right cosets of H. Let H be the subgroup of G given by H=I3,P3,P32={ (100010001),(010001100),(001100010) }. Find the distinct left cosets of H in G, write out their elements, partition G into left cosets of H, and give [G:H]. Find the distinct right cosets of H in G, write out their elements, and partition G into right cosets of H.
6. For each of the following values of , describe all the abelian groups of order , up to isomorphism. b. c. d. e. f.
11. Assume that are subgroups of the abelian group such that the sum is direct. If is a subgroup of for prove that is a direct sum.
5. For any subgroup of the group , let denote the product as defined in Definition 4.10. Prove that corollary 4.19:
Let G be a group with center Z(G)=C. Prove that if G/C is cyclic, then G is abelian.
Prove that each of the following subsets H of GL(2,C) is subgroup of the group GL(2,C), the general linear group of order 2 over C a. H={ [ 1001 ],[ 1001 ],[ 1001 ],[ 1001 ] } b. H={ [ 1001 ],[ i00i ],[ i00i ],[ 1001 ] }
10. Suppose that and are subgroups of the abelian group such that . If is a subgroup of such that , prove that .
9. Suppose that and are subgroups of the abelian group such that . Prove that .
Suppose that the abelian group G can be written as the direct sum G=C22C3C3, where Cn is a cyclic group of order n. Prove that G has elements of order 12 but no element of order greater than 12. Find the number of distinct elements of G that have order 12.
Find the normalizer of the subgroup (1),(1,3)(2,4) of the octic group D4.

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