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- The bubo of bubonic plague is a/ana. ulcer where the flea bite occurredb. granuloma in the skinc. enlarged lymph noded. infected sebaceous glandwrite about viral vaccines , its types , mechnism of action , time of injection to chiled for each one , any abnormal cases and sides effect may occure. Explain with drawing or pictuersMoniliasis is one of themost common opportunisticdiseases in AIDS. What is theetiological agent of moniliasisand what is the other name ofthe disease? Why is moniliaalso common in healthynewborns?
- e) Bats have been implicated as the source of many viruses against which humans have a difficult time mounting an effective immune response. Interestingly, flight plays an important role. i) Describe and explain i) the role that flight plays in creating these kinds of viruses, ii) how the viruses cross over into humans, and iii) why our immune response has a more difficult time mounting an effective response against themtopic: norovirus research on its:A. DefinitionB. General characteristicsC. How is it associated with food as foodborne pathogenD. Mode/Routes of transmissionE. Signs and symptoms of the disease cite your sourcesSelect the most accurate answer: Adenoviruses:A. are non-enveloped dsRNAB. are most infection are symptomaticC. are infection are common in adultsD. have only one antigen (serotype)E. are icosahedral, 252 caspsomers, fibers projection, like a satellite (space ship)F. replicate in the cytoplasmG. subgroup A: serotypes 12, 18, and 31: are highly oncogenicH. Both E and G
- What is the difference between a true pathogen and an opportunisticpathogen?a. True pathogens cause a disease in the presence of immunosuppressionwhereas opportunistic pathogens do not.b. Opportunistic pathogens develop virulence properties whereas truepathogens do not. c. The diseases associated with true pathogens may vary in presentationranging from mild to severe infections whereas opportunistic pathogensalways present in severe form.d. True pathogens cause disease in healthy individuals whereasopportunistic pathogens typically cause disease in clients who areimmunocompromised.Children get a chickenpox vaccine at 1 year old and a booster shot between 4 to 6 years of age, this will be 90% effective in preventing the disease, some may still develop the illnessA. trueB. false One of the following choices is NOT correctA. the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and is highly contagiousB. VZV is a type of poxvirus virus and is also responsible for herpes zoster (shingles)C. symptoms of VZV infection include fever, headache, and stomach ache, an itchy blister-like rash follows within 10-21 daysD. Chickenpox is mild in childhood, but is serious in children with compromised immune systemsE. the VZV can remain dormant in the body for decades, and if it becomes reactivated it results in herpes zoster, or shingles (an extremely painful rash)Diptheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine: summery on this vaccine and make sure to include answer to these questions. Which pathogen does this vaccine protect against? Please list symptoms of infection, as well as the incidence of mortality or other complications, if this is known. What type of vaccine is this? i.e. Viral vector, live attenuated, subunit, toxoid, nucleic acid, etc. Does this vaccine contain an adjuvant? If so, please explain the type of adjuvant and which innate immune pathways it stimulates, if this is known. What is the dosing regimen, or schedule, of this vaccine? What is the efficacy of this vaccine, and how long can a patient expect to be protected post-immunization? Are there any scientifically confirmed side effects of this vaccine, and if so what is their rate of incidence? Thank you-
- 55) A 48 year old man who emigrated from India comes to the physician because of a 6 month history of scale, well demarcated rash on his forehaed . Physical examinationhypopigmented rash with anesthetic cewnter over the left side of the forehead. A biopsy speciment of the affected skin shows clusters of epithelialcwels and occassional ginatcells surrounded by lymphocyteswith rare acid fast bacilli. Which of the following cytokine patterns is most likely exhibited by CD 4+ T-lymphocyte clones responding to this infection A) Interleukin-1( IL-1) and Il-8 (B) IL-2 and interferon gamma (C) IL-4 and IL-10 (D) Il-5 and IL-12 (E) IL-6 and Tumor necrosis factor alphaWhat are opportunistic infections associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? (Selectall that apply)o Candidiasiso Hodgkin's lymphomao Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumoniao Clostridium difficileo Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma3. Diagnostic sera and diagnosticums (dates of determination of these immunological drugs). Obtaining diagnostic sera and diagnosticum, their varieties. The use of immunological drugs for serological diagnosis of infectious diseases, assessment of their sensitivity and specificity.