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Comment on the normal-to-high sodium concentration. What is the clinical implication of this?
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- A 68-year-old patient was delivered to the intensive care unit with the suspicion of hyperlactacidemic coma and complaints of severe muscle ache, vomiting drowsiness alternating with stupor, pain in the heart region. Objectively: eye ball tone is lowered, arterial pressure –100/55, pulse - 136beats/minute, glycemia - 14mmol/l, acidosis, blood PH – 7.0, level of lactic acid – 1.9mmol/l. What are you going to do in this case?A. Injecting 1% solution of methylene blueB. Injecting 500ml 5% glucose solutionC. Injecting 0.1% adrenaline solutionD. Introducing 100 mg prednisoloneE. Introducing 500 ml 0.9% sodium chlorideA 50-year-old man came to the emergency department after returning from foreign travel. His symptoms included persistent diarrhea (over the past 3 days) and rapid respiration (tachypnea). Blood gases were drawn with the following results: pH 7.21 pco2 19 mm Hg po2 96 mm Hg HCO3 − 7 mmol/L SO2 96% (calculated) (reference range, >95%) What is the patient’s acid–base status? Why is the HCO3 − level so low? Why does the patient have rapid respiration? *Kindly answer all questions. Thank youMeasure the Intake and Output of Mr. De la Cruz for the 8-Hour shift and give conclusion if Intake & Output is proportionate or not. Case Application: Measuring Intake & Output Mr. dela Cruz is a 67 year old male who has been admitted to the Medical ICU with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF). He is intubated and attached to a ventilator, with nasogastric tube attached at the L nostril, intravenous fluid (IVF) of D5 LR 1L x 12 hours, and foley catheter draining to a pale straw urine. He is monitored hourly for his vital signs as well as intake & output. Nurse Tina was assigned to take care of Mr. Dela Cruz and the following tasks transpired during her morning shift: After endorsement, Nurse Tina made her rounds to check on Mr. Dela Cruz. She took his vital signs, level of consciousness. His present IVF has a remaining amount of 600 cc & regulated the desired rate. She prepared the medications and osteorized tube feeding (OTF) all due at 8 am. She fed Mr. Dela…
- The oral pediatric maintenance solution PEDIALYTE liquid has the following electrolyte content per liter: sodium, 45 mEq; potassium, 20 mEq; chloride, 35 mEq; and citrate, 30 mEq. Calculate the equivalent quantities of each in terms of milligrams.Calculate the amount to dispense for each of the following orders. When more than one dosage strength is available, choose the most appropriate. Ordered: Robaxin®-750, 2 tablets po q6h for 10 days On hand: Robaxin®-750 tabletA 63-year-old man with a 5-year history of congestive heart failure comes to the emergency department because of a 1-month history of fatigue and labored breathing. Evaluation shows pulmonary edema and a GFR of 35 mL/min. Furosemide is administered. QI: Which of the following physiologic effects are possible following furosemide administration?
- What role does carbohydrate intake play in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? What dietary recommendations are usually given to patients with COPD?Calculate the amount to dispense for each of the following orders. When more than one dosage strength is available, choose the most appropriate. 1. Ordered: Azithromycin 1 g po daily for 5 days On hand: Azithromycin 500 mg tabletsA 64-year-old man afflicted with severe emphysema, who receives oxygen therapy at home, is admitted to the hospital because of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The bleeding ceases soon after admission, and the patient becomes agitated and then disoriented. he is given intramuscular diazepam Valium, 5mg. Twenty minutes later he is unresponsive. Physical examination reveals a stuporous but arousable man who has papilledema and asterixis. Arterial blood gases are pH7.17;PO2 42kPa;PCO2 95kPa. The best immediate therapy would be to() A) Correct hypoxemia with high-flow nasal oxygen B) Correct acidosis with sodium bicarbonate C) Administer intravenous dexamethasone,10mg D) Call for neurosurgical consultation E) Take to the operation room for operation
- Following is a description of four individuals who havebeen drinking. Rank them from highest to lowest bloodalcohol concentration:a. John, who weighs 200 pounds and has consumedeight 8-ounce drinks on a full stomachb. Frank, who weighs 170 pounds and has consumedfour 8-ounce drinks on an empty stomachc. Gary, who weighs 240 pounds and has consumed six8-ounce drinks on an empty stomachd. Stephen, who weighs 180 pounds and has consumedsix 8-ounce drinks on a full stomachMAKE AN SCIENTIFIC AND SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE SAID DX. dx: Imbalanced nutrition related to lack of knowledge about diet SCENARIO (for reference): Aubrey, 19 years old, an incoming college freshman student went to Ateneo De Manila Health Services for physical examination. The nurse gathered the following information: Height: 5 ft Weight: 48 kg Vital signs: Temp 37.2C, Pulse rate: 95 beats per minute, Respiration rate: 12 breaths per minute, and BP: 100/70mmHg. Family History of illness: Father (+) Hypertension (HPN), and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Present Health History: Aubrey never experienced to get hospitalized as far as she can remember. Her mother ensures that she takes daily supplemental vitamins such as vitamin C and B complex, and every year she gets flu vaccine from their family doctor. During the interview with the nurse, Aubrey mentioned that she has no known allergies. She said “I don’t think I have any problems with my health. I am lacto-ovo vegetarian. Most of the time…Calculate the amount to dispense for each of the following orders. When more than one dosage strength is available, choose the most appropriat Ordered: Furosemide oral solution 75 mg daily for 60 days On hand: Furosemide oral solution 40 mg per 4 mL