Compare osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, andankylosing spondylitis with regard to pathophysiology,etiology, manifestations, and possible complications.
Compare osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and
ankylosing spondylitis with regard to pathophysiology,
etiology, manifestations, and possible complications.
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and it is the most common joint disorder. Rheumatoid arthritis is a diffuse connective tissue and autoimmune disease. It is characterized by diffuse degeneration and inflammation in the connective tissue. Ankylosing spondylitis an inflammatory disease can cause fusion of fusion in vertebrae that makes the spine less flexible and cause hunch back posture.
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CHARACTERISTICS |
OSTEOARTHRITIS |
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS |
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS |
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |
Due to etiological factor that causes injury of the subarachnoidal bone, articular cartilage and synovium that initiate chondrocyte response and releases cytokines that stimulate the enzymes proteolytic enzyme, collagenase, and metalloproteases that leads to damage. |
Due to autoimmune reaction, there is phagocytosis in synovial tissue and due to collagen breakdown, there is a formation that causes edema, the proliferation of synovial membrane, and pannus. Pannus destroyed cartilage and erodes the bone and leads to loss of articular surface and joint motion and causes degenerative changes |
Due to etiological factors, subchondral tissue becomes granulomatous and infiltrate by inflammatory cells that cause resorptions and bone reactive sclerosis and leads to bone remodeling. Fibrocartilage replaces normal tissue and causes new bone formation and ankylosis |
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ETIOLOGY |
Increased age, obesity, previous joint damage, repetitive use |
People having specific gene marker HLA, infection, the female hormone, occupational exposure to silica and mineral oil, environmental factors like cigarette smoking, pollution, and insecticides. |
People having a gene called HLA-B27 are at risk |
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MANIFESTATION |
Morning stiffness, pain, enlarged bony joints, reduce the range of motion, crepitus, joint malalignment |
Morning stiffness, pain, anorexia, fatigue, joint destruction, |
Pain and stiffness in lower back and hips, neck pain fatigue, symptom might worsen over time, improve or stop at irregular interval |
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POSSIBLE COMPLICATION |
Bone death, bleeding inside joint, stress fracture, chondrolysis |
Anemia, bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal disturbances. |
Compression fracture, heart problem, eye inflammation. |
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