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- QUICKSORT(A, p, r) if p < r then q ← PARTITION(A, p, r) QUICKSORT(A, p, q − 1)QUICKSORT(A, q + 1, r) where the PARTITION procedure is as follows:PARTITION(A, p, r) x ← A[r]i ← p − 1for j ← p to r − 1 do if A[j] ≤ x then i ← i + 1 exchange A[i] ↔ A[j] exchange A[i + 1] ↔ A[r]return i + 1 Draw the flowchart of the above algorithm. Draw the corresponding graph and label the nodes as n1, n2, … and edges as e1, e2, … Calculate the cyclomatic complexity of the above algorithmlink(a,b). link(a,c). link(b,c). link(b,d). link(c,d). link(d,e). link(d,f). link(e,f). link(f,g). Using the above Formulate the appropriate Prolog predicate "path(X,Y,N)" which is true if (and only if) there is a path of length "N" from node "X" to node "Y". For example, there is a path of lengthGiven a 2D board containing 'X' and 'O', capture all regions surrounded by 'X'.A region is captured by flipping all 'O's into 'X's in that surrounded region.For example, for the following board,X X X X X O O X X X O X X O X XAfter capturing all regions, the board becomesX X X X X X X X X X X X X O X XThe algorithm should take an input file, named “input.txt”, and output the resulting board in the console.Sample input.txt6 X X X X X O X O X O O X X X O O O X X X X O X X X O X X O O X X X X X XThe first line is a number indicating the size of the board; in the above example, 6 means the board is . Output for in console:X X X X X O X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X O O X X X X X X
- link(a,b). link(a,c). link(b,c). link(b,d). link(c,d). link(d,e). link(d,f). link(e,f). link(f,g). Using The above Formulate the appropriate Prolog predicate "path(X,Y,N)" which is true if (and only if) there is a path of length "N" from node "X" to node "Y". For example, there is a path of length 2 from "a" to "d": "a->b->d", but also "a->c->d", and so "path(a,d,2)" gives "true" (two times). There is also a path of length 3 from "a" to "d": "a->b->c->d". Test this predicate out on the above network to verify whether or not it is working correctly. Once this is working correctly, note now, that e.g., "path(a,e,N)." will give multiple answers:A) If we use tree structured communication to distribute an array of 16 elements evenly across a set of 8 processes, how many elements will be held by each process? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 B) Super-linear speedup is most likely to happen in which of the following applications? A weather forecasting B modeling motion of astronomical bodies C search for an item in a search space D Monte Carlo method for computing definite integral C) The mechanism used to differentiate between different types of messages being sent in a point-to-point MPI communication routine is A the count parameter B the data type C the message tag D the communicator Solve all parts A B And CWrite and implement the best first search algorithm where we have given the Start state and Goal state and we want to reach the goal state.
- Suppose that you want to implement an algorithm that will compete on a two-player deterministic game of perfect information. Your opponent is a supercomputer called DeepGreen. DeepGreen does not use Minimax. You are given a library function DeepGreenMove(S), that takes any state S as an argument, and returns the move that DeepGreen will choose for that state S (more precisely, DeepGreenMove (S) returns the state resulting from the opponent's move). Write an algorithm in pseudocode (following the style of the Minimax pseudocode) that will always make an optimal decision given the knowledge we have about DeepGreen. You are free to use the library function DeepGreenMove(S) in your pseudocode. What advantage would this algorithm have over Minimax? (if none, Justify).Imagine a robot sitting on the upper left corner of grid with r rows and c columns.The robot can only move in two directions, right and down, but certain cells are "off limits" such thatthe robot cannot step on them. Design an algorithm to find a path for the robot from the top left tothe bottom right.Imagine a robot sitting on the upper left corner of grid with r rows and c columns.The robot can only move in two directions, right and down, but certain cells are "off limits" such that the robaot cannot step on them. Design an algorithm to find a path for the robot from the top left to the bottom right.
- Consider a system with four page frames and a program that uses eight pages. Consider the reference string 0 1 7 2 0 3 1 7 0 1 7 and assume that all four page frames are initially empty. Consider the three following algorithms: a. Optimal page replacement In each cases show a diagram (ASCII art recommended) that shows which pages are in which frames throughout time, and page faults at the bottom. For instance: The first 4 steps is ALWAYS the same (i.e., just fill the four frames, with one page fault each time)Given strings x = “Deep”, y = “Learning” and an empty string ε, the following are some operations undertaken on the strings: i) Lengths of x, y, ε are |x| = |“Deep”| = 4, |y| = |“Learning”| = 8 and |ε| = 0. ii) The concatenation operation applied over x, y and ε as follows yields the resulting strings and results: x + y = “DeepLearning” y + x = “LearningDeep” x + ε = “Deep” ε + y = “Learning” |x + y| = 12 | ε + y| = 8 iii) “Learn” is a prefix of string y, and “Deep” is a prefix of string x + y. iv) “earning” is a suffix of string y, and “Learning” is a suffix of string x + y. v) “earn” is a substring of string y. vi) x = y is false; x = x+ ε is true. vii) “Lenin” is a subsequence of string y. implement a program using given dataGiven strings x = “Deep”, y = “Learning” and an empty string ε, the following are some operations undertaken on the strings: i) Lengths of x, y, ε are |x| = |“Deep”| = 4, |y| = |“Learning”| = 8 and |ε| = 0. ii) The concatenation operation applied over x, y and ε as follows yields the resulting strings and results: x + y = “DeepLearning” y + x = “LearningDeep” x + ε = “Deep” ε + y = “Learning” |x + y| = 12 | ε + y| = 8 iii) “Learn” is a prefix of string y, and “Deep” is a prefix of string x + y. iv) “earning” is a suffix of string y, and “Learning” is a suffix of string x + y. v) “earn” is a substring of string y. vi) x = y is false; x = x+ ε is true. vii) “Lenin” is a subsequence of string y. make a program using given data: