Converged Networks mean that there is a network for each type of data communication. O True O False On a fault-tolerant network, if a data link fails, messages cannot be routed to the destination. * O False O True Scalability means that the networks are able to grow and react to future changes. * O False O True
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- I will downvote surely , solve only if you are 100% sure. Question Consider Bob uses an e-mail client (mail reader) such as Outlook to send an e-mail to Alice who uses Web-based e-mail account (Gmail). The IP address of Alice's mail server is initially unknown to Bob's mail server. What will be the correct sequence of activity for transport and application layer protocols that are involved from the time when Bob sends the e-mail to the time when Alice reads it? S₁: DNS over UDP is used by Bob's mail server to get the IP address for Alice's mail server. S₂: SMTP over TCP is used to transfer the mail from Bob's mail server to Alice's mail server. S3: SMTP over TCP is used to transfer the mail from Bob's e-mail client to his SMTP server. S4: HTTP over TCP is used by Alice to read this e-mail.A) Assume there is a wide-area network with N nodes, where N ≥ 2 What is the smallest number of point-to-point communication links such that every node in the network is able to talk to every other node? (Note: A network in which some nodes are unable to exchange messages with other nodes because there is no path between them is called disconnected.)For a network to be efficient and successful, three things must be true. If you choose this option, please provide a concise explanation of it in your own words.
- Real-time audio and video streaming has to be smooth. End-toenddelay and packet jitter are two factors that affect the userexperience. Are they essentially the same thing? Under whatcircumstances does each one come into play? Can either onebe combatted, and if so, how?Message passing is both time- and space-coupled - that is, messages are both directed towards a particular entity and require the receiver to be present at the time of the message send. Consider the case of using the VVU learning platform, where you connect using URL "learning.vvu.edu.gh" rather than an IP address and this name is resolved using DNS. Does such a system exhibit the same level of indirection? Why is it sometimes so hard to hide the occurrence and recovery from failures in a distributed system? In the context of distributed computing, suggest five benefits of openness.Assuming a colleague is implementing an asynchronous communication paradigm in a software project, can we say the communication is time-uncoupled? Use appropriate illustrations to defend your answer.Let's pretend that Alice and Bob are exchanging data packets across a network.Let's say Trudy infiltrates the network and is able to read all of Alice's data, then forwards it on to Bob along with whatever other information she chooses. Provide some examples of what kind of harm Trudy can do from this vantage point.
- Is it possible to do absolutely anything in the virtual world? What it means for a domain's physical limits to be set virtually. What function do the limits of cyberspace play in the network's physical layer? What did you think before about where the Internet stops? If that's the case, how would you go about achieving it? Justify your choice in the poll.Describe with an image how the process of streaming of stored video occursfrom the video server to the client. Consider a simple scenario with a videoserver with stored videos, a client at his premises, and the internet betweenthem. Explain how HTTP v2 mitigates the head of line blocking. Give an exampleto justify your answerSender S broadcasts messages to n receivers R1……………Rn . Privacy is not important but message authenticity is. Each of the receivers wants to be assured that the messages he has received were sent by S. The subjects decide to use a MAC. (15 Marks) Suppose all subjects share a secret key k. Sender S adds the MAC to every message he sends using k and each receiver verifies it. Explain why this scheme is insecure.
- Quality of Servcie: QoS is sometimes deployed to counter the impact of running a File Transfer Protocol, such as FTP or a backup program, and a real-time streaming application, such as voice over IP, over the same link. Why do these two kinds of application interact poorly in a single queue? A hint: packet sizes matter.In the realm of online email communication, what are the fundamental distinctions among SMTP, POP, and IMAP protocols? Elucidate the characteristics of the agents that exist on both the transmitting and receiving nodes.What is the seven-layer logicalbreakdown of network interactioncalled?