Cosmological redshift caused by the expansion of space itself is not quite the same as the redshift caused by the physical motion of a light source away from an observer (that principle is more commonly known by its name, the     hint: two words}).

Q: What is the reason behind the creation of the Large Hadron Collider?

A: Required : What is the reason behind the creation of the Large Hadron Collider?

Q: I:28) What was the density of energy released of fusing 25% of all the hydrogen in the universe into…

A:

Q: If the cosmological microwave background was emitted by a plasma with a temperature temperature of…

A: The expression from the Wien's displacement law is  λmT=k .......................................…

Q: State the problems of the Hot Big Bang model in cosmology, and briefly explain how inflation solves…

A: Given the question; we need to state the problems of the Hot Big Bang model in cosmology and explain…

Q: Calculate the cyclotron frequency for a non-relativistic proton per Tesla of magnetic field.

A:

Q: Assuming that hydrogen fusion requires the Universe to have a temperature of T ≥ 107 K (as measured…

A: The cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is electromagnetic radiation, generated in the…

Q: Does the negative mass of antimatter mean that it's gravitationally repelled from stars?

A: Antimatter does not have negative mass. In our universe, the existence of  negative mass has not…

Q: The critical mass density needed to just halt the expansion of the universe is approximately 10-26…

A: Given critical mass density needed to halt the expansion of the universe is ρcrirical = 10-26 kg/m3

Q: Assume a flat FRW universe, dominated by radiation throughout its history. Calculate the physical,…

A: The objective of the question is to calculate the physical, cosmological horizon size at a given…

Q: Describe some of the characteristics of the universe that are explained by the standard Big Bang…

A: Given, Big Bang theory of universe

Q: Given an object is receding from Earth at v=20(10^3)km x s^-1, Calculate its redshift z?

A: Answer:-  Given  V = 20 × 103 km/s  Speed of light (C) = 3 × 105 km/s  Red shift(z) = ?  We know…

Q: The critical mass density needed to just halt the expansion of the universe is approximately 10-26…

A: Given that,The critical mass density = 10-26 kg/m3Average mass = 7 eV/c2As we know that,If m is in…

Q: How might you relate the big bang to yourself as a physical entity? What elemental parts of your…

A: After Big Bang their is a very fast expansion of universe. In that state the energy and matter is…

Q: b) The cosmic microwave background dates to a time when the universe was -380,000 years old, or to a…

A: Given: 380000 years ago Tr=3000 Kz=1100

Q: Show that in matter dominated universe density behave as p x (1+z)3 , in radiation dominated as px…

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Q: How can we apply the knowledge that was produced by the Large Hadron Collider to our current…

A: In physics, a collider is a type of particle accelerator that is used to study the properties of…

Q: Explain why the cosmological principle requires that H0 must have the same value everywhere in…

A: Given Explain why the cosmological principle requires that H0 must have the same value everywhere in…

Q: The present number density of electrons in the Universe is the same as that of protons, about 0.2…

A: The present number density of electrons = 0.2m-3. Long before the formation of microwave background,…

Q: The Lyman a line in a galaxy's spectrum was observed to be 208 nm. Calculate the Doppler redshift.

A: When there is relative motion between observer and source the wavelength observed will e shift. When…

Q: If the value of the Hubble's constant were found to be 60 km/s/Mpc, what would the Hubble time be?

A: The galaxies in our universe are moving away from each other. This was observed by Edwin Hubble. He…

Q: Estimate the critical density of the universe if the Hubble's constant was 100 km/s/Mpc.

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Q: The presence of neutral hydrogen in galaxies will be observed with the SKA through the redshifted…

A: Given Data: Rest frame frequency=1420MHz Redshift z=0.5 To Find: The frequency would we need to look…

Q: The largest known redshift attributed to a specifi c molecule is z = 6.42 from the CO molecule in…

A: Given data: The red-shift parameter is z=6.42. The red-shift parameter z and relative velocity…

Q: (a) What is the equivalence principle? (b) Describe an early experiment which confirmed the general…

A: (a) Introduction: General relativity is a metric theory of gravitation. At its core are Einstein's…

Q: An electron jumps from n=3 to n=2 in a hydrogen atom in a distant galaxy, emitting light. If we…

A:

Q: Use the Friedmann equations to show that the deceleration parameter go and the density parameter N…

A: According to Dark energy and the cosmological constant, the acceleration of the scale factor is…

Q: Estimate the critical density of the universe if the Hubble's constant was 50 km/s/Mpc.

A: The minimum density that is required to stop the expansion of the universe is defined as the…

Q: According to the version of the Big Bang Theory without a Cosmological Constant (and without Dark…

A: Hubble's Law states that as the universe is expanding in all directions, the receding velocity of an…

Q: Explain why it only appears that we are at the center of expansion of the universe and why an…

A: Universe is expanding from everywhere and it has no center of expansion. Materials expand from a…

Q: According to thermodynamic equilibrium, which should be the most abundant and least abundant quarks…

A: According to thermodynamic equilibrium, which should be the most abundant and least abundant quarks…

Q: Describe quark and antiquark.

A: In earlier experiments the scientist said an atom consists protons, electros and neutrons but after…

Q: Assume that the universe has an edge. Placing yourself at that edge in a thought experiment, explain…

A: Given Assume that the universe has an edge. Placing yourself at that edge in a thought experiment,…

Q: If Ωmatter = 0.3, Ωvac = 0.7 and Temperature of Cosmic Microwave Background = 2.73 K, at what…

A: Given: Vacuum energy density, Ωvac=0.7Matter energy density, Ωmatter=0.3Temperature of Cosmic…

Q: Consider the following line element, ds^2 = −dt^2 + a^2(t) (dx^2 + dy^2) + b^2(t) dz^2, where a(t)…

A: The objective of the question is to determine whether the given line element obeys the Cosmological…

Q: Suppose a spaceship has the mass of a typical ocean cruise ship, then it can be assumed that it has…

A: Here, Desired velocity is 17% of the speed of light. Thus v = 0.17 x 3 x 108 = 5.1 x 107 m/s m = 4.3…

Q: Assume a power law for the scale factor a = Ctn, where C is a constant. (a) For what values of n are…

A: Given data: Scale factor is, a=Ctn. C is a constant.

Q: The CMB decoupled at redshift z≈ 1100, i.e., when its frequency was a factor of z larger. The…

A: The CMB or common microwave background is composed of photons. It is the leftover radiation amount…

Q: Briefly explain what is meant by "particle horizon" and "event horizon" in cosmology. Calculate the…

A: To explain Particle Horizon and Event Horizon