Currently they have 5 refrigerated trucks and planning to expand as market for their services is on the rise. The fixed cost of their operations is $1,200,000 per year covering managerial, administrative, insurance, and other related expenses at their headquarters. Every truck has approximately $100,000 annual expense for lease, maintenance, and insurance. The variable cost of operation f

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter4: Linear Programming Models

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 107P

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Lemingtons is trying to determine how many Jean Hudson dresses to order for the spring season. Demand for the dresses is assumed to follow a normal distribution with mean 400 and standard deviation 100. The contract between Jean Hudson and Lemingtons works as follows. At the beginning of the season, Lemingtons reserves x units of capacity. Lemingtons must take delivery for at least 0.8x dresses and can, if desired, take delivery on up to x dresses. Each dress sells for 160 and Hudson charges 50 per dress. If Lemingtons does not take delivery on all x dresses, it owes Hudson a 5 penalty for each unit of reserved capacity that is unused. For example, if Lemingtons orders 450 dresses and demand is for 400 dresses, Lemingtons will receive 400 dresses and owe Jean 400(50) + 50(5). How many units of capacity should Lemingtons reserve to maximize its expected profit?
Seas Beginning sells clothing by mail order. An important question is when to strike a customer from the companys mailing list. At present, the company strikes a customer from its mailing list if a customer fails to order from six consecutive catalogs. The company wants to know whether striking a customer from its list after a customer fails to order from four consecutive catalogs results in a higher profit per customer. The following data are available: If a customer placed an order the last time she received a catalog, then there is a 20% chance she will order from the next catalog. If a customer last placed an order one catalog ago, there is a 16% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order two catalogs ago, there is a 12% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order three catalogs ago, there is an 8% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order four catalogs ago, there is a 4% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. If a customer last placed an order five catalogs ago, there is a 2% chance she will order from the next catalog she receives. It costs 2 to send a catalog, and the average profit per order is 30. Assume a customer has just placed an order. To maximize expected profit per customer, would Seas Beginning make more money canceling such a customer after six nonorders or four nonorders?
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. Can you guess the results of a sensitivity analysis on the initial inventory in the Pigskin model? See if your guess is correct by using SolverTable and allowing the initial inventory to vary from 0 to 10,000 in increments of 1000. Keep track of the values in the decision variable cells and the objective cell.
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. As indicated by the algebraic formulation of the Pigskin model, there is no real need to calculate inventory on hand after production and constrain it to be greater than or equal to demand. An alternative is to calculate ending inventory directly and constrain it to be nonnegative. Modify the current spreadsheet model to do this. (Delete rows 16 and 17, and calculate ending inventory appropriately. Then add an explicit non-negativity constraint on ending inventory.)
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. Modify the Pigskin model so that there are eight months in the planning horizon. You can make up reasonable values for any extra required data. Dont forget to modify range names. Then modify the model again so that there are only four months in the planning horizon. Do either of these modifications change the optima] production quantity in month 1?
Weenies and Buns is a food processing plant which manufactures hot dogs and hot dog buns. They grind their own flour forthe hot dog buns at a maximum rate of 200 pounds per week. Eachhot dog bun requires 0.1 pound of flour. They currently have a contract with Pigland, Inc., which specifies that a delivery of 800pounds of pork product is delivered every Monday. Each hot dogrequires pound of pork product. All the other ingredients in thehot dogs and hot dog buns are in plentiful supply. Finally, the laborforce at Weenies and Buns consists of 5 employees working fulltime (40 hours per week each). Each hot dog requires 3 minutes oflabor, and each hot dog bun requires 2 minutes of labor. Each hotdog yields a profit of $0.80, and each bun yields a profit of $0.30.Weenies and Buns would like to know how many hot dogsand how many hot dog buns they should produce each week so asto achieve the highest possible profit.(a) Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.D,I (b) Use the…
The Scottsville Textile Mill produces several different fabrics on eight dobby looms that operate 24 hours per day and are scheduled for 30 days in the coming month. The mill will produce only Fabric 1 and Fabric 2 during the coming month. Each dobby loom can turn out 4.65 yards of either fabric per hour. Assume that there is a monthly demand of 16,000 yards of Fabric 1 and 12,000 yards of Fabric 2. Profits are calculated as 33¢ per yard for each fabric produced on the dobby looms. Will it be possible to satisfy total demand? (a)Yes, the mill can produce enough to meet the demand. (b)No, the mill can not produce enough to meet the demand. In the event that total demand is not satisfied, the Scottsville Textile Mill will need to purchase the fabrics from another mill to make up the shortfall. Its profits on resold fabrics ordered from another mill amount to 20¢ per yard for Fabric 1 and 16¢ per yard for Fabric 2. How many yards of each fabric should it produce to maximize…
The Scottsville Textile Mill produces several different fabrics on eight dobby looms that operate 24 hours per day and are scheduled for 30 days in the coming month. The mill will produce only Fabric 1 and Fabric 2 during the coming month. Each dobby loom can turn out 4.62 yards of either fabric per hour. Assume that there is a monthly demand of 16,000 yards of Fabric 1 and 12,000 yards of Fabric 2. Profits are calculated as 33¢ per yard for each fabric produced on the dobby looms. (a) Will it be possible to satisfy total demand? (b) In the event that total demand is not satisfied, the Scottsville Textile Mill will need to purchase the fabrics from another mill to make up the shortfall. Its profits on resold fabrics ordered from another mill amount to 20¢ per yard for Fabric 1 and 16¢ per yard for Fabric 2. How many yards of each fabric should it produce to maximize profits? (Round your answers to one decimal place. If total demand is satisfied, enter NONE.)
A plant has sufficient capacity to manufacture any combination of four different products (A, B, C, D). For each product, time is required to be invested in four different machines, which is expressed in hours per kilogram of product, as shown in the following table as shown in the following table: (attached image) Each machine has an availability of 60 hours per week. Products A, B, C and D can be sold at $9, $7, $6 and $5per kilo, respectively. Variable labor costs are $2 per hour for machines 1 and 2, and $3 per hour for machines 3 and 4. The material costs for each kilogram of product A are $4. The material costs for each kilogram of products B, C, D and D are $4 each kilogram of products B, C and D are $1. What needs to be done:Formulate a profit-maximizing PL model given the maximum demand per product shown in the table (there are 16 variables). Note: The picture is in spanish, but I mean... is pretty easy to understand
A plant has sufficient capacity to manufacture any combination of four different products (A, B, C, D). For each product, time is required to be invested in four different machines, which is expressed in hours per kilogram of product, as shown in the following table as shown in the following table: (attached image) Each machine has an availability of 60 hours per week. Products A, B, C and D can be sold at $9, $7, $6 and $5per kilo, respectively. Variable labor costs are $2 per hour for machines 1 and 2, and $3 per hour for machines 3 and 4. The material costs for each kilogram of product A are $4. The material costs for each kilogram of products B, C, D and D are $4 each kilogram of products B, C and D are $1. What needs to be done:Formulate a profit-maximizing PL model given the maximum demand per product shown in the table (there are 16 variables). Note: do the exercise by hand, or do it digitally, but not in excel.
Sunseel Industries produces two types of raw materials, A and B, with a production cost of $4 and $8 per unit, respectively. The combined production of A and B must be at least 700 units per month. The factory is expected to produce at least 400 units of B and not more than 1200 units of A each month. The processing times for A and B are observed to be 5 hours and 4 hours, respectively. A total of 3000 production hours are available per month. Develop a linear program that Sunseel Industries can use to determine the number of units of each raw material to produce that will meet the demand and minimize the total cost.
The Kingston Furniture Corporation manufactures two products, benches and picnic tables, for use in yards and parks. The firm has two main resources: its carpenters (labour force) and a supply of redwood for use in the furniture. During the next production cycle, 1,000 hours of labour are available under a union agreement. The firm also has a stock of 3,500 feet of good quality redwood. Each bench that Kingston Furniture produces requires 4 labour hours and 10 feet of redwood; each picnic table takes 6 labour hours and 35 feet of redwood. Completed benches will yield a profit of $9 each, and tables will result in a profit of $20 each. Because most customers usually buys tables and benches at the same time, the number of benches made should be at least twice as large as the number of tables made. a. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem b. Use a graphical solution to solve the model and determine how many benches and tables the furniture company should produce to obtain…