D. Е. F. 1. А. B. с. Under each sequence of bases, write the sequence of bases complementary to each section of DNA in the virus ФX174: ATG TGTCA AAGACGGT CCTG TT T T G T A TT GTA CCGT CAGGATTGA G T T T T C AT G C CT C C АААТ С Т Т
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Solved in 3 steps
- 1. Download the complete nucleotide sequences of the following 11 isolates of Tomato leaf curl virus, with the NCBI reference numbers as indicated below.a) NC_003896.1b) NC_003897.1c) NC_010313.1d) NC_004153.1e) NC_003898.1f) NC_003891.1g) NC_055126.1h) NC_009031.1i) NC_009030.1j) NC_005842.1k) NC_005032.12. Run Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) using appropriate bioinformatics tool/program i.e. Clustal Omega. Upload or copy-paste directly all the 11 nucleotide genome sequences of the sampled ToLCV isolates. Apply default parameters.Questions:1. How many sub-clusters or sub-grouping of the ToLCV isolates could be generated? 2. Relate the sub-grouping to the genetic relationships among isolates/between subgroups? More similar isolates, divergence or less similar/related? 3. Any isolate that represent the predicted ancestral viral genome (no evident data to support a mutation event from the root/ancestral viral genome) - Oldest isolate (genome) sequence 4. Youngest or most evolved…The following are DNA fragments containing a small gene. The top strand is the coding strand. Transcribe all groups and translate. FIND THE POSSIBLE MUTATIONS Group D 5’-GGCAATGGGTTTGTGCAATTCTAACAGTTTTTAATTC-3’ 3’-CCGTTACCCAAACACGTTAAGATTGTCAAAAATTAAG-5’ Group E 5’-GGCAATGGGTTTTGCAATTCTAAAAGTTTTTAATTC-3’ 3’-CCGTTACCCAAAACGTTAAGATTTTCAAAAATTAAGProvide a brief description behind your choice? Virus-mediated transfer of cellular genetic material from one bacterial cell to another by means of virus particles is called: (A) transduction (B) transposition (C) transformation (D) transfection One strand of double-stranded DNA is mutated, changing all cytosines to uracils. After one round of replication of the mutated DNA strand, the melting temperature of the resulting DNA will: (A) be higher (B) be lower (C) remain the same (D) be double The Southern blotting technique is used for: (A) the detection of RNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies (B) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by a radioactive DNAprobe (C) the detection of proteins on membranesusing a radioactive DNA probe (D) the detection of DNA fragments onmembranes by specific radioactiveantibodies Superoxide dismutase is an important enzyme for maintenance of red blood cells and is defective insome neurodegenerative diseases. What…
- A DNA probe with sequence TCAGGCTTCAG would bind most strongly to which of the following DNA fragments? a. AGTCCGAAGTC c. GACTTCGGACT b. TCAGGCTTCAG d. UGAGGCUUGAGThe following are DNA fragments containing a small gene. The top strand is the coding strand. Transcribe all groups and translate. FIND THE POSSIBLE MUTATIONS Group B - MUTATION 5’-GGCAATGGGTTTGTGAAATTCTAAAAGTTTTTAATTC-3’ 3’-CCGTTACCCAAACACTTTAAGATTTTCAAAAATTAAG-5’ Group C- 5’-GGCAATGGGTTTGTGCAATTCTAAGAGTTTTTAATTC-3’ 3’-CCGTTACCCAAACACGTTAAGATTCTCAAAAATTAAG-5’Define the following terms: a. tiRNA b. monocistronic c. snRNPs d. antisense DNA strand e. sense DNA strand
- Find the complement DNA sequences to the following DNA sequences:Sequence # 1: GATATAGTSequence # 2: GAGGTTCSequence # 3: AACTAGATSequence # 4: CCTATAAGSequence # 5: AACGTGATBased on the following wild type DNA sequence, indicate if each of the mutations should be classified as : insertion, deletion, missense, nonsense, silent (Use the provided Genetic Code table and remember you have been given DNA sequence). Wild Type: 5’ ATG GCT AGA GTC GAG TTG 3’ Mutant 1: 5’ ATG GCA GAG TCG AGT TG 3’ Mutant 2: 5’ ATG GCT TGA GTC GAG TTG 3’ Mutant 3: 5’ ATG GCT AGA GTT GAG TTG 3’ Mutant 4: 5’ ATG GCT AGA AGT CGA GTT G 3’ Mutant 5: 5’ ATG GCT AGA ATC GAG GTT 3’Chargaff rule applies to a ss RNA b All Polynucleotides c ssDNA d dsDNA
- Sequence A: TCT/ TCC/ CTC/ CTA/ AAC/ GTT/ CAA/ CCG/ GTT/ CTT/ AAT/ CCG/ CCG/ CCA/ GGG/ CCC/ CGC/ CCC/ TCA/ GAA/ GTT/ GGT AGA Sequence B: TCA/ GAC/ GTT/ TTT/ GCC/ CCG/ TAA/ CAA/ CTT/ GTT/ ACA/ ACA/ TGG/ TCA/ TAA/ ACG/ TCA/ GAG/ ATG/ GTC/ AAT/ CTC/ TTA/ ATG/ ACT Sequence C: TAT/ ATA/ CAT/ GTA/ AAC/ ACA/ TAC / TCA/ GTG/ GAC/ CAA/ CTC/ AAC/ ATA/ AAC/ CAA/ ACA/ CCG/ CTC/GCG/ CCG/ AAA/ AAG/ ATA/ TGG STEP 1: Transcribe each of the 3 DNA sections into nRNA. Write out the complementary CODONS directly below the DNA strands. STEP 2: Clearly identify the three fragments as the FIRST, SECOND and THIRD fragments by clearly labeling any obvious PROMOTERS, START and STOP codons. STEP 3: Number the the START codon #1 and number the codons in the correct order until the STOP codon is reached. STEP 4: Codons 14- 64 (including 14 & 64) represent an intron. Draw a single red line through these codons to indicate that they will NOT be translated. STEP 4: In the space provided, write out the…Please consider the figure attached i. The ordinate (i.e., 'y-axis') represents values for the C or G nucleotide base proportion in sequences (or, in this case, genomes).ii. Influenza viruses that infected birds or moved from birds to humans without spreading are characterised by higher A + U content relative to influenza viruses that infected humans for long time periods.iii. Influenza viruses adapted to human hosts are characterised by lower G + C content relative to influenza viruses that infected birds or moved from birds to humans without spreading. iv. Human and swine influenza A H1N1 strains evolved from a birdlike G + C state to a humanlike G + C state since 1918. v. Data such as those depicted in the figure have been interpreted as evidence that the 1918 influenza virus strain originated from a bird influenza virus population. Question 1 options: A) Statement ii conveys accurate information. B) Statements ii,…For the following sequence please design an 18 base pair forward primer. ATG TCA AAA GCT GTC GGT ATT GAT TTA GGT ACA ACA TAC TCG TGT GTT GCT CAC TTT GCT TAA