Define the  origin and action of lysosomes in phagocytosis.

Q: Distinguish among phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis, and exocytosis.

A: The cell membrane is thin, elastic, and has a flexible covering that holds the cellular contents. It…

Q: Compare and contrast apoptosis and pyroptosis.

A: A microorganism is considered a pathogen when it is harmful to humans or causes diseases. Numerous…

Q: Describe the phenomenon of pyroptosis. How does it differ from apoptosis and necrosis?

A: Introduction :- The process of programmed cell death is known as apoptosis. It is utilised to…

Q: apoptosis

A: Apoptosis Apoptosis is  a cell death which is done in a programmed manner. It is triggered by…

Q: Explain briefly phagocytosis and endocytosis, mention an example of human cells that use…

A: Phagocytosis Phagocytosis, or “cell eating”, is the process by which a cell engulfs a particle and…

Q: Summarize the steps in phagocytosis and describe the roles of PAMPs in this process.

A: Phagocytosis is the process performed by specific cells of the immune system. Phagocytosis proceeds…

Q: How does a phagolysosome differ from a phagosome?

A: The different kinds of immune cells patrol the body in which macrophages are the first to fight…

Q: what are the limitations of the cell in preventing cell injuries?

A: The cell is the basic unit of life. It is the structural and functional unit of life. All new cells…

Q: Define and describe apoptosis

A: The pathogens enter the body through the entry sites of the wound or through oral and genital…

Q: How are apoptosis and necrosis similar? How do they differ?

A: Apoptosis and necrosis are the two processes through that cell meets death, that are controlled by…

Q: Describe what occurs in each step of the process ofphagocytosis.

A: The engulfing of food particle by an ameboid  cell is called as phagocytosis. There are four…

Q: Explain why apoptosis is a necessary process.

A: apoptosis is cell death.

Q: Define apoptosis.

A: Apoptosis is a type of cell death in which a sequence of events takes place to get rid of cells…

Q: How is receptor-mediated endocytosis different from phagocytosis?

A: The endocytosis of larger particles by binding them to the particular surface receptors is termed,…

Q: List the steps of apoptosis.

A: Ans: Apoptosis: The various biochemical reactions or events that leads morphological changes in the…

Q: How are “don’t eat me” signalseliminated or inactivated duringapoptosis to allow the cells to…

A: During phagocytosis, healthy cells secrete don't eat me the signal but theses signal needs to be…

Q: Define cytokine.

A: In humans physiology, the cytokine is defined as the large heterogeneous chain of polypeptides,…

Q: Describe the process of apoptosis.

A: Apoptosis : It is a programmed cell death which occur in multicellular organisms. Cell undergoes…

Q: Describe how microfilaments and microtubules areinvolved in the phagocytosis and destruction of…

A: Phagocytosis is a crucial host defense process used by macrophages and neutrophils to clear off…

Q: Can the extent of the reticulum change in different physiological settings? How?

A: The reticulum is a chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals. The ruminant animals include…

Q: Define apoptosis and explain its significance.

A: Apoptosis is a process that happens in multicellulars when a cell purposefully “decides” to die. It…

Q: A cell with DNA damage that could not be repaired will undergo apoptosis. Which apoptotic pathway…

A: Apoptosis  is a type of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical…

Q: Diagram the process of phagocytosis, separately for neutrophils and macrophages. Briefly describe…

A: Phagocytosis: It is a process by which cells engulf the carry particles into the cytoplasm, the…

Q: Mention what are the important functions of apoptosis?

A: Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all known organisms and are essential in the…

Q: Apoptosis does not cause inflammation. Explain why?

A: The most common form of physiological death is the Apoptosis.It is a series of change in the cell…

Q: Can the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis be influenced or regulated by extracellular factors? Discuss

A: Apoptosis occurs normally during the development and the aging . It also occur as a homeostatic…

Q: Distinguish cytokinesis from karyokinesis.

A: The cell division is the process by which a cell divides into daughter cells. This is a part of the…

Q: How are phagocytosis and pinocytosis similar? How are theydifferent?

A: The plasma membranes of the cells are selectively permeable to various biomolecules and ions. To…

Q: Describe in detail each of the following proteins and their role in the cellular processes that they…

A: i. Ras Protein:  Describe: Ras is a family of related proteins that are expressed in all animal cell…

Q: Compare and contrast the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. Please keep brief - 3…

A: Apoptosis is an energy-dependent process of programmed cell death. It occurs normally during…

Q: Apoptosis involves all but which of the following?(A) fragmentation of the DNA(B) cell-signaling…

A: Cells are the basic unit of life. They are often known as "building blocks of the body" and carry…

Q: Differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis ?

A: Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are two types of endocytosis.The process which the cell uses to uptake…

Q: How does the Apoptosis Through Death Receptors pathway work, where it works and why it works.…

A: Death receptors are members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily characterized by a…

Q: What are the materials transported and what is the cell membrane structure involved in Phagocytosis?

A: Phagocytosis is a cellular process for engulfing particles larger than 0.5 μm in diameter.

Q: Explain in detail what is apoptosis and the molecules that bring about this process.

A: There are two forms of cell death : Programmed death of cells called Apoptosis. An uncontrolled…

Q: Mention what are the important functions of apoptosis

A: The cellular masses present between the embryonic fingers are destroyed in the process known as…

Q: What diseases are linked to apoptosis?

A: In multicellular organisms, apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death. Cell death and biochemical…

Q: List and describe the 6 stages of phagocytosis.

A: Introduction :- Phagocytosis is a cellular process that involves the ingestion and elimination of…

Q: State the structure of microglia.

A: The cells present in the central nervous system(CNS), the peripheral nervous system(PNS) that does…

Q: Define the term thymosins.

A: Proteins are the building blocks and molecular machines of a cell. The main function of them is in…

Q: How does receptor- mediated endocytosis differ from phagocytosis?

A: Receptor- mediated Endocytosis - variation of endocytosis that involves the specific binding…

Q: How is the entrapped microorganism destroyed within the phagolysosome and autolysosome?

A: An autolysosome is formed when an autophagosome's outer membrane combines with a lysosome. The…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.