Describe countercurrent exchange in the gills of fish.  How does it increase the effectiveness of gills?

Q: Give the digrammatic representation showing scheme of single circulation in a fish?

A: Fishes have two chambered heart and their heart has only one atrium and one ventricle. The…

Q: Compare osmoregulation by (1) sharks versus marine bony fish, and (2) freshwater bony fish and…

A: INTRODUCTION Aquatic insects excrete dilute wastes from their anus directly into water by flushing…

Q: How does oxygen get into the bloodstream of the fish? What does "counter-current" mean with respect…

A: The fishes are Pisces. They have heart which is two-chambered. The follow of blood is unidirectional…

Q: Human kidneys return water and small solutes back to blood by way of

A: Tubular reabsorption is the process in which nephron removes water and solutes from tubular fluid…

Q: What is chief nitrogenaus waste product in birds? Give two advantages of this mode of excretion.

A: Excretion is the elimination of these metabolic wastes. The nitrogenous waste can be excreted in…

Q: Describe structure of the nephron. How is the mammalian nephron capable of creating concentrated…

A: Answer of the question given below...

Q: what is upwelling and how is it important?

A: The ecosystem includes all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) things and interaction between…

Q: What happens to the water in the descending limb of the loop of Henle?

A: The Loop of Henle is a long U-shaped portion of the tubule that plays the role of conducting the…

Q: Describe one adaptation for osmoregulation in freshwater animals, saltwater animals, and saltwater…

A: OSMOREGULATION- Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining an organism's body fluids, sensed by…

Q: Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in freshwater fishes, marine bony fishes, sharks, marine…

A: Osmoregulation is defined as a process that is responsible for regulating the osmotic pressure of…

Q: How does the body shape of a flatworm enhance gas exchangewith the environment?

A: Flatworm belongs to platyhelminthus Phylum They exchange the gases with the help of diffusion

Q: Does other factors (besides temperature) affect the rate of a fish?

A: Fishes are aquatic organisms that belong to the Chordata phylum the vertebrates. Fishes are…

Q: Give examples of animals that excrete each of the principal types of nitrogenous wastes.

A: Introduction  Water is crucial for survival for almost all type of species be it animals or plants.…

Q: What are the three types of nitrogenous wastes? Which animals aremost likely to excrete each one,…

A: Nitrogen is one of the most essential macronutrients needed for the sustenance of life. It is an…

Q: Are most fast-swimming fish cold-blooded or warm-blooded? What advantage does this provide?

A: Some species of fishes possess a web of arteries and veins lying very close together which enables…

Q: Compare the efficiency of fish gills with mammalian lungs.

A: BASIC INFORMATION ANIMAL KINGDOM  It is among one of the five kingdom classified by R.H. Whittaker.…

Q: Discuss osmotic balance in freshwater and saltwater fishes.

A: Osmoregulation is the ability to maintain an internal balance of water and salt. Kidney plays an…

Q: Explain why the countercurrent flow that occurs in the gillsof fish is much more efficient than…

A: Concurrent flow refers to the flow of oxygen-poor blood and oxygen-rich water in the same direction.…

Q: How do Po2 and Pn2 change with increasing depth? What are the consequences for human divers as a…

A: The inhaled air is a mixture of gases, and the pressure contributed by a single gas in the mixture…

Q: in 5 to 10 sentences explain the concepts in regulating body fluids in mammalian excretory system

A: The human excretory system functions to remove waste from the body through the skin as sweat, the…

Q: Describe the effect of an increased potassium ion (K+) concentration on the frog’s heart rate.

A: The circulatory system is the system of tissues and organs, including the blood vessels, blood,…

Q: Which routes of water gain and loss make up a much largershare of the total in a kangaroo rat than…

A: Step 1 Kangaroo rats are nocturnal rodents and are native to arid areas of Northern America. They…

Q: How a fish that migrate from freshwater to seawater (and/or vice versa) osmoregulate?

A: Introduction Osmoregulation is a process by which an organism maintain a internal balance between…

Q: Draw a labelled diagram of excretory system of "common carp" fish?

A: Common carp fish  : scientists name is cyprinus carpio   It is a freshwater fish & prefer slow…

Q: What is the process of respiration when it comes to fishes in the ocean

A: Fishes obtain the necessary oxygen through aquatic respiration. Aquatic respiration is defined as…

Q: Which is the stimulus for the release of erythropoietin by the kidney? O a) Low oxygen…

A: EPO made by the kidney cells are particular and are delicate to low oxygen levels in the blood…

Q: explain how the circulatory system reabsorbs needed solutes.

A: Circulatory system is an organ system also called as Cardio-vascular system that allows blood to…

Q: Why is the fish circulationclassified as a simple andcomplete circulation?

A: The fish are the cold blooded aquatic vertebrates of the phylum Chordata that are found in both…

Q: How does the mammalian kidney produce concentrated urine?

A:

Q: The function of pharyngeal gills includes: gas exchange generating a feeding current eliminating…

A: Pharyngeal gill slits are specific characteristics of chordates. It is described as the repeated…

Q: What is the ascending limb of Henle permeable to? What processes are involved here for pumping out…

A:

Q: Explain what are countercurrent exchangers? Explain how are they used in the conservation of…

A: The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, about the size of a fist, that are part of the urinary…

Q: After a heavy rain, earthworms come to the surface. How would you explain this behavior in terms of…

A: The animal behaviour changes according to their surroundings. For fulfilling their requirements all…

Q: Which mechanism is responsible for bursting of marine fish when placed in tap water?

A: The fishes that live in the ocean water are called saltwater or marine fish.

Q: Describe the tracheal system of insects. What is the advantage of such a system for a small animal?

A: The insects and other terrestrial arthropods such as centipedes and spiders have a specific kind of…

Q: After a heavy rain, earthworms come to the surface. How would you explain th pehavior in terms of an…

A: After heavy rains earthworm comes surface.

Q: What do the number and length of nephrons in a fish’skidney indicate about the fish’s habitat? How…

A: Nephrons are the structural and functional unit of the kidney. They are responsible for excretory…

Q: Where are the kidneys located in the herring? What form of nitrogenous waste do herring produce and…

A: The family “Clupeidae” contains a group of long, silver-colored fishes, which are called Herring…

Q: What is meant by “countercurrent flow” as it applies to fish gills?

A: Gills are the respiratory structures of most of the aquatic animals. The simplest type of gills is…

Q: Compare the excretory systems of a flatworm and an annelid worm. How are they similar? How are they…

A: Animal kingdom is a kingdom which comprises of Eukaryotic , heterotrophic organism . It comprises of…

Q: Give differences between shark and frog regarding excretory system?

A: To differentiate Excretory system of shark and frog

Q: Explain how antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) controls excretion of water in mammalian kidneys.

A: Vasopressin, an antidiuretic hormone, is generally secreted by the pituitary gland. It acts on the…

Q: what are the possible pathological consequences of an electrolye imbalance in animals…

A: Following variations can occur under the condition of Electrolyte Imbalances:- Hypocalcemia:…

Q: Describe how gas gradients arise; apply them to fish

A: Introduction  Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert energy-rich molecules…

Q: Angiotensin is a hormone that stimulates vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure. Which effect…

A: Answer :- Option (D) is correct. - decreased reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys.

Q: Kidneys do not play a major role in excretion in ammonotelic animals. Justify.

A: Different animals excrete different type of metabolic waste that has its costs and advantages.…