Differentiate hypernatremia and hyponatremia. Give 5 causes of each disorder.

Q: Identify patients at risk for pressure ulcerdevelopment.

A: Pressure ulcers (bed sores) are localized lesions, injuries, or damages to the skin or its…

Q: Describe the two levels of severity.

A: The severity of illness (SOI)- It is defined as up to what extent the organ system is dearranged, or…

Q: Define hypokalemia

A: Potassium is an essential element for our body, it helps in the functioning of our nerves, muscle…

Q: Explain how an abscess may develop withPID.

A: Pelvic inflammatory disease is a bacterial infection. In severe cases, the abscess is found in…

Q: Explain why SLE may be difficult to diagnose and treat.

A: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder that attacks its tissue. It can affect the…

Q: Describe the symptoms of Tetanus disorder?

A: Tetanus is a genuine sickness brought about by a bacterial toxin that influences your nervous…

Q: Explain how DIC develops and state two signs ofits development.

A: Generally, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy does not occur as a single disease because most…

Q: What is the common cause of common cause of hypercalcemia?

A: A gland is an organ responsible for secretion and release of specific hormones which has specific…

Q: Explain the role of cholesterol and lipoproteins in thedevelopment of atheromas.

A: In the inner layer of the wall of an artery, an abnormal accumulation of material  called atheroma…

Q: What is Chronic wasting disease ?Explain the main cause of Chronic wasting disease ?

A: A disease is a specific unusual condition that contrarily influences the design or capacity of all…

Q: Differentiate the classes of hypovolemic shock

A: Insufficient perfusion or supply of substrates to the tissues, that are required for aerobic…

Q: Describe the pathologic findings of “new BPD.”

A: The lung of a newborn before or after a time of birth may undergo several changes. Those lungs that…

Q: Differentiate hyperkalemia and hypokalemia. Give 5 causes of each disorder.

A: Normal blood potassium level is normally 3.6 to 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Hypokalemia is…

Q: Explain how pyloric stenosis interferes with normalfunction, and list the common manifestations.

A: The pylorus is the structure that connects the stomach with the duodenum of the small intestine. The…

Q: Describe the causes and effects of hypomagnesemia,hypophosphatemia, hypochloremia, and…

A: Hypomagnesemia is the result of malabsorption of magnesium from the diet, which is usually below the…

Q: Explain how reduced blood flow in an area can interfere withhealing and increase the risk of…

A: Wound healing is an important physiological process for maintaining skin integrity after a trauma,…

Q: Define about β Thalassemia ?

A: Step 1 Human genetic disorders are defects that are caused by a genetic mechanism like mendelian…

Q: Name the condition that can increase intrapleural pressure and can result in lungs collapse

A: Pneumothorax is the condition in which the increased intrapleural pressure could result in lung…

Q: Explain the cause of sleep apnea and describe the effectsand complications of this disorder.

A: Nursing is the profession of healthcare that delivers care to the patient in order to cure them and…

Q: State the final form in which carbohydrate and protein areabsorbed into the blood.

A: Nutrients are components needed for the growth and sustenance of the body. It is either required in…

Q: Explain the common causes of dysphagia.

A: Dysphagia is a condition with swallowing in which food must be passed from mouth to the stomach with…

Q: Explain the cause of Edema and how it is treated

A: Edema is considered the medical term for swelling, which occurs over a specific area in the body,…

Q: State one cause of hypomagnesemia.

A: Health refers to the well-being of a person. The nutritional status of a person is important in…

Q: Describe treatments that would be used for DM and DKA.

A: Diabetes mellitus is defined as a type of metabolic disease that occurs when the level of  glucose…

Q: Explain how leg ulcers may develop in people withvaricose veins.

A: The sores occur because of friction or less blood flow is defined by the term called ulcers. These…

Q: a. Compare the pathophysiology ofcommunicating and noncommunicatinghydrocephalus.b. Explain why…

A: Hydrocephalus is a brain-related disorder. In this disorder, the circumference of the head increases…

Q: Differentiate the type of shock from the provisional diagnosis of tension pneumothorax to…

A: Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition characterized by the build-up of air or gas in…

Q: - What investigation to differentiate between anemia due to vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency? is…

A: Vitamin B 12 , is a cyanacobalamin. It is usually produced by the bacteria. There are wide variety…

Q: Describe the causes of atelectasis and the resulting effectson ventilation and oxygen levels.

A: Atelectasis is the non aeration or collapse of the lungs or part of the lungs. The collapse of lung…

Q: Demonstrate the correct use of nonpharmacologicpain relief measures.

A: Integrating complementary therapies in a pain management program can ease chronic pain and decrease…

Q: Identify three pathologic causes of DIC, and describe the manifestations associated with DIC.

A: In this question asked about causes and manifestations of DIC.  DIC is dissseminated intravascular…

Q: Write the clinical features of mucopolysaccharidosis

A: Mucopolysaccharides are also known as heteropolysaccharide and their accumulation in the body is…

Q: List and explain the signs indicating that compensation isoccurring in patients with shock.

A: When blood flow suddenly stops, it causes shock, which is life-threatening. An allergic response,…

Q: Define the term hypovolemia?

A: Blood is a biological fluid that is composed of cells i.e. erthryocytes, leucocytes and thrombocytes…

Q: Identify and describe the hallmark sign of increased ICP

A: Raised ICP is defined as pressure more than 25 mm hg for more than 5 minutes. The normal ICP ranges…

Q: Describe three changes in the blood with acuteinflammation.

A: Inflammation is a type of response that is produced by the body towards any damages to the living…

Q: Define Addison's disease.

A: Endocrine glands are the ductless glands that secrete the chemicals called hormones which in turn…

Q: Explain the pathology of primary and secondary hyperlipidemia, including causes and risk factors

A: A disease is a specific aberrant condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of…

Q: Describe age-related differences that influence thecare of patients with oxygenation problems.

A: The respiratory system is responsible for the gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the…