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11. Describe effects of aging on the respiratory system and their nursing implications
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- 1. What are the indications and contraindications of oxygen therapy? 2. What are nursing considerations for oxygen therapy?2. What are the medications utilized as a quick-relief of asthma and its description?. 3. What are the medications utilized in the long-term control of asthma and its description?1. Describe the common risk factors for asthma and triggers of asthma attacks.
- 8. Discuss briefly the precipitating factors and symptoms of asthma?2. Role play. Show empathy to a patient who has just learned that he has cancer of the larynx.6. Describe the changes that occur in the histology of the epithelial lining of the respiratory system, from the nasal cavity to the alveoli, and how these changes are related to function. Include the structure and histology of the trachea and its cartilaginous ‘rings’, compare this to the larynx and epiglottis.
- 23. describe two potential risk factors of a respiratory assessment?21. Which of the following is NOT a function of the pleurae and pleural fluid? A. decreasing friction within the pleural space B. compartmentalizing the thorax and preventing infections from spreading to the heart C. assisting with the development of an intra-pleural pressure that leads to inspiration D. removing dust and inhaled debris from the airways4. Goals of oxygen therapy include all of the following except: A. Increasing alveolar and blood levels of oxygen B. Decrease overall cardiopulmonary workload C. Enable alveoli to open and stay open D. Decrease dyspnea in patient with COPD and lung disease .
- 5. Which of the following statements is wrong: The formation of old chronic bronchitis sputum is mainly because of the proliferation of mucous glands in the central airway, and the increase of goblet cells increases mucus secretion The definition of old chronic bronchitis is cough, phlegm and asthma in clinical practice. The incidence lasts for 2 months every year for 3 consecutive years In the late stage of old chronic bronchitis, it can cause damage to the airway wall. Structural remodeling and scar formation occur, resulting in air stenosis, difficulty in exhalation Emphysema is an abnormal permanent enlargement of the alveoli, accompanied by damage to the alveolar wall, resulting in over-inflation Late stage of COPD can cause intimal hyperplasia, vascular fibrosis and occlusion, causing pulmonary hypertension, and even leading to pulmonary heart disease and right heart failure10. Match the terms in column B to the descriptions in column A. Column A 1. connects the larynx to the main bronchi 2. includes terminal and respiratory as subtypes 3. food passageway posterior to the trachea 4. covers the glottis during swallowing of food 5. contains the vocal cords 6. indentation on the lung where the lung root structures enter and exit 7. pleural layer lining the walls of the thorax 8. site from which oxygen enters the pulmonary blood 9. connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx 10. pleural layer in contact with the surface of the lung 11. increases air turbulence in the nasal cavity 12. separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity Column B a. alveolus b. bronchiole C. conchae d. epiglottis e. esophagus f. hilum g. larynx h. palate I. J. k. I. pharyngotympanic tube parietal pleural trachea visceral-pleura4. list of the respiratory system diseases and disorders
