Explain cotranslational endoplasmic reticulum translocation of proteins.

Q: Explain why the plasma membrane exhibits selectivepermeability.

A: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the body. It carries out various functions…

Q: Which transport disorder can be treated by drugs containing thiol groups, which are able to…

A: Our body metabolism needs to be constantly regulated. Such regulation helps in preventing metabolic…

Q: Distinguish between integral and peripheral membrane proteins.

A: Introduction: Proteins are major biomolecules that consist of long chains of amino acids. The…

Q: Compare and contrast ABC transport systems with group translocation.

A: ABC transport system requires ATP as an energy source  ATP Binding Cassette. It uses specific…

Q: Describe the term exocytosis.

A: Semi-permeable cell membranes permit some ions and tiny molecules to passively diffuse through them.…

Q: Explain Peripheral membrane proteins.

A: The cell membrane is the outer covering of the cell. It is made up of a bilayer that consists of…

Q: Describe the structure of IgG in detail by referring to the different levels of protein structure

A: Antibodies are glycoprotein, which has antigen-binding site, each amino acid has different amino…

Q: Explain the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane.

A: The network of lipids and proteins that forms the boundary between a cell's contents and the outside…

Q: Define Capping protein

A: Capping protein is a protein complex and it binds in a calcium-independent manner to the first…

Q: Define receptor-mediated endocytosis

A: Endocytosis is a biological mechanism that involves bringing compounds into the cell. A layer of…

Q: protein via transmembrane protein translocation:

A: Free ribosome : These ribosomes are located in the cytosol and are able to move throughout the cell…

Q: Explain the structure and function of the centrosome

A: An organelle present in animal cells that lie in the intracellular fluid called cytoplasm near the…

Q: Describe how proteins interact with membranes and how membrane-spanning motifs within proteins may…

A: Proteins are the major biomolecule present in the body. Proteins have different forms of structures…

Q: Explain how a protein ends up free in the cytosol, embedded in the plasma membrane,or secreted from…

A: Translation of all proteins in eukaryotes begins in the cytosol and as soon as it is made it is…

Q: Compare the processes of vesicle tethering, docking, and fusion, and list the proteins involved in…

A: Membrane fusion is the process by which two initially separated lipid bilayers merge to form a…

Q: Explain the steps involved in transporting a protein through a nuclear pore complex.

A: The nuclear envelope comprises of an internal and an external nuclear membrane. The external…

Q: Define cis-regulatory element

A: Genes are the basic biological unit of heredity. They are a segment of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)…

Q: Define fluid-phase endocytosis,

A: Fluid phase endocytosis is a low efficiency, non specific process that  involves bulk transport or…

Q: Describe the pathway for the synthesis of secretory and membrane proteins.

A: All cells of mammals continuously secrete certain proteins like in ECM. Certain kind of cells is…

Q: What sort of analysis is used to determine the properties of the amino acids in an integral membrane…

A: Plasma membrane or plasmalemma is the outer membrane layer that surrounds the prokaryotic and…

Q: Is adenylate cyclase a transmembrane protein or a peripheralprotein? What about the G protein?

A: Adenylate Cyclase is a transmembrane protein.

Q: Define The domain structure of cytoplasmic dynein.

A: Dynein is a motor protein that requires ATP as a source of energy to mediate intracellular…

Q: Give the specific function of centrosome.

A: A well-known regulator of the cell cycle of the animal cell that is known to microtubule organizing…

Q: composition of inactive spliceosome?

A: The five splicing snRNPs and other splicing proteins assemble on a pre-mRNA to form the Spliceosome,…

Q: Describe some of the activities performed by membrane proteins in multicellular organisms.

A: Plasma membrane maintains a balance of ion and metabolite to stable cell and its surroundings. In…

Q: If GTP hydrolysis occurs on a tubulin molecule at the plus end of a microtubule filament before…

A: Tubulin makes up microtubules, which are the cytoskeleton's most important component.

Q: Describe the characteristics of specificity, competition,and saturation of transport proteins.

A: A transport protein is a protein that serves the function of moving other materials within an…

Q: Explain the steps involved in the synthesis of a protein on membrane bound ribosomes

A: Ribosomes provide the synthesis of proteins in cells as translation.  Their function is to translate…

Q: Define about catabolite-activating protein (CAP) ?

A: Certain terms are fundamental concepts and terms used in biology, which is the study of life and…

Q: How are polyribosomes on theendoplasmic reticulum membranearranged so that the next…

A: Introduction :- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous membrane system in the cytoplasm of…

Q: Describe how protein phosphorylation and proteolytic cleavage can modulate protein function.

A: The amino acid can be defined as the organic compound that comprises an amino group at one and a…

Q: Explain about large multi-subunit complex called Mediator ?

A: Initiation of transcription (formation of RNA from DNA) requires the binding of RNA polymerase II…

Q: Explain Activator protein families?

A: DNA and RNA are the genetic elements present in almost all cells. DNA encodes for proteins through…

Q: Define ribozyme.

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a genetic material that rarely takes part in transferring the genes from…

Q: Integral membrane proteins can exist as all of the following, except: a. A single helix A beta…

A: An integral or intrinsic membrane protein abbreviated as IMP is one type of membrane protein that is…

Q: Explain fully the ubiquitin proteosome system

A: Proteosome is the protein complex that can degrade unwanted or damaged proteins by the process of…

Q: What is the energy source that powers the cotranslational movement of proteins across the…

A: Proteins synthesized by membrane bound ribosomes translocate the ER membrane co-translationally.…

Q: Describe how a polypeptide to be secreted reaches theendomembrane system.

A: Translation of all proteins in the eukaryotic cell starts in the cytoplasm (With the exception of a…

Q: Describe the difference between integral and peripheralmembrane proteins

A: The cell membranes are semi-permeable membranes that allow only some substances to pass through…

Q: Describe the different methods the cells use to restrict proteins to specific regions of the plasma…

A: Biological membranes separate into specialized functional regions with different compositions that…

Q: The nuclear import of proteins larger than 40 kDa requires the presence of what amino acid sequence?…

A: The nuclear envelop of all eukaryotes is perforated by a large structure known as the nuclear pore…

Q: Describe the chemical composition of lysosomal membrane in detail.

A: Lysosomes are the organelles that are involved in engulfing the antigens and worn-out cells and…