Explain how small effector molecules affect the functions of activators and repressors.

Q: How can a signal molecule from one cell alter gene expression in a target cell without entering the…

A: Signal molecules are specifically some ligands that mainly bind with the receptors to stimulate the…

Q: Compare the structures and functions of transcriptionalactivators and repressors.

A: The transcription factors are the molecules or the chemical agents, which can bind to the promoter…

Q: Describe the function of activators and repressors.

A: Activators and repressors are the terms used for the transcription factors which are basically the…

Q: are positive regulators (activators) and negative regulators (repressors)?

A: Gene regulators are divided into two categories: activators and repressors, with activators…

Q: Describe how RNA interference silences genes.

A: Gene silencing:  It is process of silence the gene  to prevent from synthesizing new gene after…

Q: describe the 4 types of suppressors inducer, repressor, promoter, and operator.

A: In genetics, a silencer is a DNA sequence capable of binding transcription regulation factors,…

Q: control

A: Post transcriptional control is the control of gene expression at the RNA level.  It occurs once the…

Q: Contrast the role of the repressor in an inducible system and in a repressible system.

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: What are the advantages of having both an activatorand a repressor protein?

A: Gene expression is regulated by the turning off of the expression of genes when they are not…

Q: What type of control generally involves binding of a repressor protein to a regulatory DNA sequence?…

A: Repressor : DNA binding protein which inhibits the expression of 1 or more genes via the binding to…

Q: Compare and contrast how activators, coactivators, repressors,TFIID, and mediator play a role in…

A: Transcription is a process of transcribing the template DNA into complementary mRNA sequence which…

Q: Positive regulators are called: A. Repressors  B. Activators C. Enhancers D. None of the above

A: Transcription is a process by which the RNA is synthesized from the DNA sequence. RNA polymerase is…

Q: Describe the functions of activators and repressors.

A: The genes are the primary unit of life. The nucleotide sequence of the genes are responsible for…

Q: Explain how enhancers work and how they are identified

A: A gene is a set of nucleotides that codes for a particular protein. Gene expression causes the…

Q: Describe gene regulation by CpG islands.

A: Gene regulation can be defined as a mechanism that functions to stimulate or repress gene…

Q: Explain the general structure of LTR retrotransposons.

A: Transposon is a small piece of DNA that can move from one genomic location to another within the…

Q: What repressors do?

A: DNA is the genetic material present within the nucleus in the cell. It maintains the heredity of the…

Q: Explain how iRNA works to down-regulate gene expression.

A: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a cell such that the sequence deviates from what is…

Q: Explain how the Pyrococcus furiosus TrmBL1 transcriptionregulator is able to act as both an…

A: An activator is a regulator Pyrococcus furiosus substance that enhances the gene expression whereas…

Q: What is the effect of an increased Cro concentration on the expression of the gene for the λ…

A: The lytic cycle is the rupture of the host cell, resulting in the release of a number of viruses.…

Q: Distinguish between the cis-acting regulatory elements referred to as promoters and enhancers.

A: The machinery of the transcription has two major components, which are trans-acting and cis-acting…

Q: Explain how small effector molecules affect the function of activators and repressors.

A: Small effector molecules are those molecules which affect the regulation of transcription by binding…

Q: Define repressors?

A: Regulation of gene expression is the mechanism of switching off and switching on the genes depending…

Q: Explain the differences between constitutive expressed genes and regulated genes.

A: Genes can be defined as the unit of inheritance, which is transferred from one parent to offspring…

Q: Explain how ncRNA uses complementary base pairing with RNA to affect gene expression.

A: Gene expression is defined as the process by which the information stored or contained in the DNA is…

Q: What are the end effects of drugs that block transcription?

A: During the transcription process the DNA is function as a template to form a messenger RNA molecule.…

Q: Compare and contrast the activities of an activator protein anda repressor protein.

A: Gene regulation is a mechanism by which cells increase or decrease the productivity of any specific…

Q: Compare how histones and microRNA control gene expression

A: histones and microRNA control gene expression by:

Q: Describe, in details, how acetylcholine signal molecule can trigger gene transcription via GPCR and…

A: Acetylcholine : It is the chief neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system , the part of…

Q: Explain how a gene knockdown reagent, such as RNAi or a morpholino, could interfere with expression…

A: Gene knockdown is a mechanism or technique that helps in the reduction of gene expression. It can…

Q: What are positive regulators (activators) and negative regulators (repressors)? Describe.

A: Activators and repressors are two types of gene regulators, with activators causing positive…

Q: What is known as repressible ?

A: Repressible was first documented by Ephrussi et al. in the 1930s, and it is useful for researchers…

Q: State whether each of the following would be likely to (generally) increase or decrease the…

A: Gene expression regulation involves the modification of both the DNA and the packaging proteins…

Q: Define inducer and repressor.

A: The gene expression results in the production of a functional protein. The synthesis of protein…

Q: Explain how activators and repressors regulate operons in prokaryotes.

A: In prokaryotic cells, there are three types of regulatory molecules that can affect the expression…

Q: Explain the Structures of repressors?

A: A repressor is a protein that shows a negative effect on gene expression. They are proteins that…

Q: explain transcriptional repression of retrotransposons

A: Transposons are the DNA elements that are known to be the controlling elements that affect the gene…

Q: would a mutation in E. coli make the lac operator unable to bind the active repres

A: Three genes collectively known as the lac operon are found in bacteria, and they are in charge of…

Q: Repressor molecules bind toa) Operatorb) Promoterc) Enhancerd) Hormone response element

A: An operon has certain regulatory sequences that help in the regulation of transcription. They can…

Q: A repressor is a __________ that _________ transcription. a. small effector molecule, inhibits b.…

A: Transcription refers to the process in which the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule is transformed…

Q: What is a major difference between activator proteins and repressor proteins

A: Activator proteins can have binding sites for ligands (such as CAMP), but repressor proteins only…

Q: What term is used to describe the DNA sequence to which a repressor binds? attenuator operator…

A: Operon is operating units which can be defined as the cluster of genes located together on the…

Q: Compare and contrast regulation by a repressor and an activator.

A: Genes are sequences of DNA. Genes undergo transcription to synthesize RNA, and RNA undergoes…

Q: A scientist identifies a potential transcription regulation site 300bp downstream of a gene and…

A: Introduction  Proteins are the key biomolecule in the biological system, any important physiological…

Q: Explain Modular structure of activators and repressors

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Compare and contrast the role of promoter and operators with enhancers and repressors.

A: Nucleus is a main controller of the cell which carries genetic instructions . It contain thread like…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.