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Explain the reason why in the absence of Delta, cells become unsynchronized and somites are not formed completely.
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- How many somites are there in mouse? In chicks? In humansHow might the asymmetry of an embryo change if after fertilization its moved to a restrictive temperature.In an outline form, describe briefly the phases of neurulation. Mention some signaling molecules, genes, morphogenetic factors, and other factors, intrinsic/extrinsic factors responsible for each phase.
- In humans, gametogenesis in both sexes relies on meiosis. However, spermatogenesis produces four gametes while oogenesis produces only one. Explain why this is so, including the specific structures or processes involved.How does distribution of the gray crescent affectthe developmental potential of the first two daughter cells?The corpus luteum (CL) is critical in the maintenance of pregnancy in the mouse. Explain why? What does it produce and what are the effects? Explain how the CL is maintained from ovulation through gestation.
- Explain the consequent of each of the following on neurulation: a. Inhibition of microtubules polymerization. b. Inhibition of the motor activity of myosin.Why does testing for hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)work as a pregnancy test early in pregnancy but not late inpregnancy? What is the function of hCG in pregnancy?Suppose that during mesodermal development, a mutation in metanephric mesenchyme was observed resulting in the deformation of the metanephros. How would that affect the formation of gametes? (Explain constructively)
- Do the data support the hypothesis that the timing of the endof cleavage depends on counting cell divisions? ExplainIn a possible future scenario, male fertility drops to zero, but, luckily, scientists develop a way for women to pro-duce babies by virgin birth. Meiocytes are converted di-rectly (without undergoing meiosis) into zygotes, which implant in the usual way. What would be the short- andlong-term effects in such a society?explain how is scoliosis caused by abnormalities in somite development