Find an equation of the tangent ine to the function y 4at the point P1, 4) Solution We will be able to find an equation of the tangent ine t as soon as we know its slope m. The difficoulty is that we know only one point, P, on , whereas we need twe points to compute the slope. But observe that we can cempute an approimation to m by choosing a neart secant ine PQ. (A secant line, from the Latin word secans, meaning cutting, is a line that cuts (intersects) a curve more than once) f computing the the We chooserlso that Q P. Then For instance, for the point O1.5, 20.25) we have the followinng This suggests that the slope of the tangent ne shoull bem The tables below show the values of m for several values of x dlose to L. The doser Qis to P the dloser is to 1 and, it appears from the tables the closer mis to 60 32.5 7.5 18.564 13.756 16.242 99 15.762 999 1.001 16.024 15.976 secant ines, and we express this symbolically by writing the following We say that the slope of the tangent ine is the limt of the slopes of the and Assuming that this is indeed the slope of the tangnt ne, we use the point lope form of the equation of a ne (seeAppendi 8) o wite the eguation of the tangent e through (, 4)as the foowing O-(O)

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter7: Analytic Trigonometry
Section7.6: The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Problem 94E
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Find an equation of the tangent line to the function y = 4x at the point P(1, 4).
Solution
We will be able to find an equation of the tangent line { as soon as we know its slope m. The difficulty is that we know only one point, P, on , whereas we need two points to compute the slope. But observe that we can compute an approximation to m by choosing a nearby point Q Ax) on the parabola (as in the figure below) and computing the slope m of the
secant line PQ. [A secant line, from the Latin word secans, meaning cutting, is a line that cuts (intersects) a curve more than once.]
We choose x÷1 so that Q P. Then,
4x - 4
Po =
X-1
For instance, for the point Q(1.5, 20.25) we have the following.
%3D
mPQ
in
This suggests that the slope of the tangent line e should be m =
The tables below show the values of me for several values of x dose to 1. The closer Q is to P, the cdoser x is to 1 and, it appears from the tables, the closer men is to
mpQ
2.
60
1.5
32.5
7.5
1.1
18.564
13.756
101
16.242
99
15,762
1.001
16.024
999
15.976
We say that the slope of the tangent line is the limit of the slopes of the secant lines, and we express this symbolically by writing the following.
lim (m) = m
and
lim
Assuming that this is indeed the slope of the tangent line, we use the point-slope form of the equation of a line (see Appendix B) to write the equation of the tangent line through (1, 4) as the following.
-1)
or
y-
627 AM
2/15/2022
in
Transcribed Image Text:Find an equation of the tangent line to the function y = 4x at the point P(1, 4). Solution We will be able to find an equation of the tangent line { as soon as we know its slope m. The difficulty is that we know only one point, P, on , whereas we need two points to compute the slope. But observe that we can compute an approximation to m by choosing a nearby point Q Ax) on the parabola (as in the figure below) and computing the slope m of the secant line PQ. [A secant line, from the Latin word secans, meaning cutting, is a line that cuts (intersects) a curve more than once.] We choose x÷1 so that Q P. Then, 4x - 4 Po = X-1 For instance, for the point Q(1.5, 20.25) we have the following. %3D mPQ in This suggests that the slope of the tangent line e should be m = The tables below show the values of me for several values of x dose to 1. The closer Q is to P, the cdoser x is to 1 and, it appears from the tables, the closer men is to mpQ 2. 60 1.5 32.5 7.5 1.1 18.564 13.756 101 16.242 99 15,762 1.001 16.024 999 15.976 We say that the slope of the tangent line is the limit of the slopes of the secant lines, and we express this symbolically by writing the following. lim (m) = m and lim Assuming that this is indeed the slope of the tangent line, we use the point-slope form of the equation of a line (see Appendix B) to write the equation of the tangent line through (1, 4) as the following. -1) or y- 627 AM 2/15/2022 in
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